The Study of Antioxidant Effects in Melanins Extracted from Various Tissues of Animals

Lin, Liang‐Chuan; Chen, Wei-Tai

doi:10.5713/ajas.2005.277

Cited by 24 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…They showed that squid melanin scavenge hydroxyl free radical remarkably which are indicators of the antioxidant properties of squid melanin. Lin and Chen (2005) also isolated melanin from cuttlefish (Sepia) ink and investigated the antioxidant properties, and they found high antioxidant value. Lei et al (2008) also found antioxidant effects of melanin-Fe squid ink when they were using it as a treatment for iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) in rats.…”

Section: Antioxidant Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We declare that we have no conflict of interest. • High melanin concentration showed good antioxidant activity Lin and Chen (2005) Girija, A.S., Suba, K.P., Hariprasad, G. and Raghuraman, R. (2014). A novel study on the antibacterial effect of the crude squid ink extracts from the Indian squid against four bacterial pathogens isolated from carious dentine.…”

Section: Conflict Of Interest Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Medicinal and therapeutic properties of cephalopod ink: a short review

Hossain¹,

Rabeta²,

Azan³

2018

Food Res.

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Cephalopoda is under the phylum of Mollusca with several important marine oceanic habitats. They are mostly well-known for their different uses such as food ingredients and nutraceutical benefits. Among all the different habitats of this class, different species of squid and cuttlefish often containing various nutraceutical properties along with the use as a food item. Surprisingly, the ink of these different species of cephalopods also contains different nutraceutical properties which are thrown away as by-product by most of the processing industries and consumers. There are different studies which focused on these properties obtained from the ink of these cephalopods. These studies clearly showed that this ink is a great source for decreasing various health problems and can be used widely in both pharmaceuticals and food industries. The aim of this review is to focus on its potentials and make it an evident towards the future uses of cephalopod ink.

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Section: Antioxidant Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Conflict Of Interest Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medicinal and therapeutic properties of cephalopod ink: a short review

Hossain¹,

Rabeta²,

Azan³

2018

Food Res.

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“…The melanin extract from silkie fowl skin had reducing and chelating power against Fe 2+ [9]. A recent study reported the antioxidant activity of melanin from Aspergillus nidulans [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melanin extract fromGallus gallus domesticuspromotes proliferation and differentiation of osteoblastic MG-63 cells via bone morphogenetic protein-2 signaling

et al. 2017

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BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESGallus gallus domesticus (GD) is a natural mutant breed of chicken in Korea with an atypical characterization of melanin in its tissue. This study investigated the effects of melanin extracts of GD on osteoblast differentiation and inhibition of osteoclast formation.MATERIALS/METHODSThe effects of the melanin extract of GD on human osteoblast MG-63 cell differentiation were examined by evaluating cell viability, osteoblast differentiation, and expression of osteoblast-specific transcription factors such as bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2), small mothers against decapentaplegic homologs 5 (SMAD5), runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), osteocalcin and type 1 collagen (COL-1) by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blotting analysis. We investigated the inhibitory effect of melanin on the osteoclasts formation through tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity and TRAP stains in Raw 264.7 cell.RESULTSThe melanin extract of GD was not cytotoxic to MG-63 cells at concentrations of 50-250 µg/mL. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and bone mineralization of melanin extract-treated cells increased in a dose-dependent manner from 50 to 250 µg/mL and were 149% and 129% at 250 µg/mL concentration, respectively (P < 0.05). The levels of BMP-2, osteocalcin, and COL-1 gene expression were significantly upregulated by 1.72-, 4.44-, and 2.12-fold in melanin-treated cells than in the control cells (P < 0.05). The levels of RUNX2 and SMAD5 proteins were higher in melanin-treated cells than in control vehicle-treated cells. The melanin extract attenuated the formation of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand-induced TRAP-positive multinucleated RAW 264.7 cells by 22%, and was 77% cytotoxic to RAW 264.7 macrophages at a concentration of 500 µg/mL.CONCLUSIONSThis study provides evidence that the melanin extract promoted osteoblast differentiation by activating BMP/SMADs/RUNX2 signaling and regulating transcription of osteogenic genes such as ALP, type I collagen, and osteocalcin. These results suggest that the effective osteoblastic differentiation induced by melanin extract from GD makes it potentially useful in maintaining bone health.

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“…Melanin dapat mengikat Fe 2+ dikarenakan terdapat struktur 2-carboxyl indole yang dapat berikatan kuat dengan Fe 2+ . 13 Tinta cumi juga memiliki kandungan DHI dan DHICA yang mempunyai karakter kuat untuk menyerap struktur -OH dan -NH yang membuktikan bahwa kandungan ini memiliki kemampuan antioksidan dengan Inhibitory Concentration (IC50) dalam pembersihan O 2 -(superoksid) lebih efisien dibandingkan dengan obat antioksidan komersil (Carnosin) dan dalam pembersihan -OH kedua zat ini memiliki nilai yang sama. 14 Dengan adanya antioksidan, mekanisme modifikasi oksidatif kolesterol LDL menjadi LDL-oks itu tidak akan terjadi karena antioksidan akan mengikat radikal bebas, sehingga semua akibat lanjut dari modifikasi oksidatif kolesterol LDL dapat dicegah.…”

Section: Hasil Penelitian Dan Bahasan Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Tintunclassified

Pengaruh pemberian ekstrak tinta cumi (squid ink) terhadap aterosklerosis

Nasution¹,

Mardia²,

Azri³

et al. 2017

eBM

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Squid ink consists of DHI, DHICA, and 2-carboxyl indole that improve lipid profile and remove foam cells in blood vessel walls. This study was aimed to analyze the effect of squid ink on atherosclerosis-induced Wistar rats. This was an experimental study. We used randomized controlled trial with pre-post test design for lipid profile assessment and randomized post-test only control design for blood vessel evaluation (foam cells in layers of coronary artery). Samples were 27 Wistar rats, divided into three groups; all were atherosclerosis-induced with initial injection of 0.006mg iv adrenalin on day 1, followed by standard diet and egg yolk until day 30. Squid ink extract was given to group P1 and P2 on days 15-30 in different doses, but not to control group. Data were analyzed by using Saphiro-Wilk test and paired t-test. The results showed that P2 group had decreased means of total cholesterol (-33.62 mg/dl), triglyceride (-28.00 mg/dl), and LDL cholesterol (-28.16 mg/dl), but an increased mean of HDL cholesterol (11.60 mg/dl). There were decreased numbers of foam cells in the layers of coronary arteries of P1 and P2 group compared to the control group. Conclusion: Squid ink extract could lower total cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL cholesterol levels, and increase HDL cholesterol level. Moreover, it could remove foam cells from the layers of coronary arteries.Keywords: squid ink, atherosclerosis, lipid profile, foam cells Asbtrak: Tinta cumi memiliki kandungan DHI, DHICA, dan 2-carboxyl indole yang dapat memperbaiki profil lipid dan mengurangi sel busa pembuluh darah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak tinta cumi terhadap tikus yang diinduksi aterosklerosis. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental dengan randomized controlled with pre-post test design untuk penilaian profil lipid dan post test only design untuk penilaian pembuluh darah (sel busa dalam dinding arteri koronaria). Sampel terdiri dari 27 tikus Wistar jantan, dibagi secara random menjadi tiga kelompok; kesemuanya diberi induksi aterosklerosis dengan injeksi inisial adrenalin 0,006 mg iv pada hari ke-1, dilanjutkan diet standar dan diet kuning telur sampai hari ke-30. Tikus kelompok kontrol tidak diberikan ekstrak tinta cumi; tikus kelompok perlakuan 1 dan perlakuan 2 diberikan tambahan ekstrak tinta cumi pada hari ke 16 sampai hari ke 30 dengan dosis yang berbeda. Analisis data dengan uji Saphiro-Wilk dan uji paired t-test. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan penurunan rerata setelah perlakuan pada kelompok P2 ialah kolesterol total (-33,62 mg/dl), trigliserida (-28,00 mg/dl), dan kolesterol LDL (-28,16 mg/dl), serta peningkatan rerata kolesterol HDL (11,60 mg/dl). Terdapat penurunan jumlah sel busa kelompok perlakuan P1 dan P2 dibandingkan kelompok kontrol. Simpulan: Pemberian ekstrak tinta cumi menurunkan kadar kolesterol total, trigliserida dan kolesterol LDL, meningkatkan kadar kolesterol HDL, serta menurunkan jumlah sel busa dalam dinding arteri koronaria.Kata kunci: tinta cumi, aterosklerosis, profil lipid, sel busa

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The Study of Antioxidant Effects in Melanins Extracted from Various Tissues of Animals

Cited by 24 publications

References 16 publications

Medicinal and therapeutic properties of cephalopod ink: a short review

Medicinal and therapeutic properties of cephalopod ink: a short review

Melanin extract fromGallus gallus domesticuspromotes proliferation and differentiation of osteoblastic MG-63 cells via bone morphogenetic protein-2 signaling

Pengaruh pemberian ekstrak tinta cumi (squid ink) terhadap aterosklerosis

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