The study and comparison of elastic modulus of pineapple fruit in macroscopic and microscopic modes

Abstract

According to bibliography, elastic modulus studies of agricultural produce at the macroscale using a resistance measuring (as Magness-Taylor penetration test or compression test) by an Instron Universal Mechanical Testing Machine is often used to express this characteristic. However, the determination of the elastic properties of agricultural produce at the macro-scale result widely varying values for a particular agricultural produce.So in this study, to decrease the variability which now exists in the elastic modulus results of agricultural produce measured at the macro-scale, measuring and comparison of the

A Review on the Commonly Used Methods for Analysis of Physical Properties of Food Materials

“…The use of this correlation quality and these maturity indexes for fruits can be developed with the help of parameters. Researchers have proven that the elasticity modulus of fruits is correlated to their maturity stages and have classified the fruits based on the ripening stage [36,37]. In this technique, it has been assumed that the contact area is circular and frictionless, and that deformation should be within the limit of deformation.…”

Classification of bananas during ripening using peel roughness analysis—An application of atomic force microscopy to food process

“…This shortcoming can now be overcome by atomic force microscopy (AFM). AFM has recently been recognized as a powerful tool that allows three-dimensional imaging and also as equipment for measuring roughness for biomaterials (Cybulska, Zdunek, Psonka-Antonczyk, & Stokke, 2013;Akhatova, Fakhrullina, Khakimova, & Fakhrullin, 2018;Panchal, Fakhrullina, Fakhrullin, & Lvov, 2018;Cárdenas-Pérez et al, 2019;Posé et al, 2019;Cavallaro et al, 2020;Khodabakhshian and Hassani, 2021). However, no report has been published for the surface changes of agricultural products during ripening or postharvest by AFM.…”