The Student Volunteer Army: a ‘repeat emergent’ emergency response organisation

Carlton, Sally; Mills, Colleen

doi:10.1111/disa.12225

Cited by 27 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Wildfires occurred repeatedly, albeit unpredictably, providing RFPAs and their BLM partners with the opportunity to develop and evolve their capacities. This is somewhat similar to the experience of ‘repeat emergent’ organisations in New Zealand (Carlton and Mills, ), but moved beyond what could be understood as repeat emergence. Trainings and time spent together in the off‐season appeared to help foster better relationships, mutual understanding, and increased skills.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…Some of this work also challenges original conceptions of emergence as entirely non‐routine in all aspects. Recent research on ‘repeat emergent’ organisations in response to an earthquake and aftershocks in New Zealand identified groups that drew on prior experience and structures (Carlton and Mills, ). A study of the response to a major ice storm in Canada in January 1998 found that emergent groups developed from within the established response structure and did not conflict with it (Scanlon, ).…”

Section: Established and Expanding Disaster Response Organisationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rangeland Fire Protection Associations as disaster response organisations

2019

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Rangeland Fire Protection Associations (RFPAs) are volunteer-based groups of trained private landowners who are authorised to respond to events in partnership with governmental agencies. This study analysed the functioning and structure of RFPAs in Idaho and Oregon in the western United States to characterise this under-researched model of disaster response. RFPAs represent an expanding type of disaster response organisation that interfaces with established fire suppression entities, yet 'emergent behaviour' manifested in some RFPA response actions. This appeared to lessen and mediate with time, as well as due to recognition of the issues, increased experience of fires, and training that fostered new mutual understandings. There is a need for continued examination of the effect of repeat experience in developing the characteristics of disaster response organisations. In addition, it is crucial to know how the interface between established and other types of organisations may be enhanced to make cooperative disaster response more effective.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Established and Expanding Disaster Response Organisationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rangeland Fire Protection Associations as disaster response organisations

2019

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“…A long‐standing tradition in crisis and disaster studies has emphasized that convergence of citizen volunteers plays a major role on disaster sites (Drabek & McEntire, ; Dynes, ; Dynes & Quarantelli, ; Helsloot & Ruitenberg, ). Recent studies continue to show how response organizations, such as police, fire departments, and medical services relate to activities of these volunteers in crisis and disaster relief (Albris, In press Carlton & Mills, ; Lorenz, Schulze, & Voss, In press; Strandh & Eklund, In press). The potential of citizen involvement is tremendous, evidenced in literature through examples of citizens who converge on disaster sites to assist in damage assessment, shelter provisioning, search and rescue operations, and providing more general support to professional responders (Kendra & Wachtendorf, ; Solnit, ; Voorhees, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are you Ready2Help? Conceptualizing the management of online and onsite volunteer convergence

Schmidt

Wolbers

Ferguson

et al. 2017

Contingencies & Crisis Mgmt

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Citizens have often been found to converge on disaster sites. Such personal convergence is increasingly supported by online informational convergence. The adoption of online platforms represents an opportunity for response organizations to manage these two different manifestations of citizen convergence. We analyse one such platform, "Ready2Help", developed by the Red Cross in The Netherlands. Our research demonstrates that by utilizing platforms, response organizations are able to transcend the boundaries between different types of organized behaviour during disaster. We extend the original conceptualization of organized behaviour, as previously described by the Disaster Research Center, explaining how the development of new platforms channels convergence of citizens and information. As such, platforms provide an interface between established, expanding, extending, and emergent forms of organized behaviour. These developments change the landscape of organized behaviour in times of disaster. | INTRODUCTIONA long-standing tradition in crisis and disaster studies has emphasized that convergence of citizen volunteers plays a major role on disaster sites (Drabek & McEntire, 2003;Dynes, 1994;Dynes & Quarantelli, 1968;Helsloot & Ruitenberg, 2004). Recent studies continue to show how response organizations, such as police, fire departments, and medical services relate to activities of these volunteers in crisis and ------------------------------------------------------------------This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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“…University/college students’ leadership in disaster settings has been briefly discussed. Carlton and Mills ( 2017 ) discovered that, after the Canterbury Earthquakes in New Zealand (2010−2011), the non-hierarchical organizational structure of community-based, non-profit disaster response agencies stimulated the leadership of their members, namely university student volunteers, to utilize their strengths and judgement in providing timely emergency assistance. However, most case studies relating to university/college students’ leadership have not elaborated on the influence of the gender factor.…”

Section: Female University/college Students and Disaster-specific Leadershipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Empowered Stakeholders: Female University Students’ Leadership During the COVID-19-Triggered On-campus Evictions in Canada and the United States

Pérez-Lugo

Garcia

et al. 2021

Int J Disaster Risk Sci

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The study of disaster-specific leadership of female university students has been largely neglected, especially during on-campus emergency eviction and evacuation. Based on the COVID-19-triggered, on-campus evictions across Canada and the United States, this cross-national partnership examined the out-of-province/state and international female university students’ leadership during the entire eviction process. Through in-depth interviews, this study revealed the female university students’ leadership behaviors during three stages: (1) pre-eviction: their self-preparedness formed an emotional foundation to support others; (2) peri-eviction: their attitude and leadership behavior enabled them to facilitate (psychologically and physically) their peers’ eviction process; and (3) post-eviction: they continued to support their peers virtually and raised the general public’s awareness regarding the plight of vulnerable and marginalized populations. This article argues that the female university students’ leadership that emerged during the eviction process became complementary to and even augmented the universities’ official efforts and beyond. This leadership represents empirical evidence that contributes to the existing literature on gender and leadership by demonstrating female youth as empowered stakeholders rather than as merely passive victims. Future studies could develop detailed stratification of gender and age dimensions in order to portray a more comprehensive picture of the younger generation’s leadership in hazards and disaster research and practice.

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The Student Volunteer Army: a ‘repeat emergent’ emergency response organisation

Cited by 27 publications

References 24 publications

Rangeland Fire Protection Associations as disaster response organisations

Rangeland Fire Protection Associations as disaster response organisations

Are you Ready2Help? Conceptualizing the management of online and onsite volunteer convergence

Empowered Stakeholders: Female University Students’ Leadership During the COVID-19-Triggered On-campus Evictions in Canada and the United States

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