The Student Human Papillomavirus Survey: Nurse-Led Instrument Development and Psychometric Testing to Increase Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Series Completion in Young Adults

Abstract

Background and Purpose The Student Human Papillomavirus Survey (SHPVS) was developed to examine students’ perceived benefits or barriers to HPV vaccination. The purpose of this paper is to describe the development and results of the psychometric evaluation of the SHPVS developed in 2008. Methods Survey development included: 1) two-phase integrative literature reviews; 2) draft of survey items based on the literature; 3) critique of survey items by young adults, nursing and psychology faculty, and healthcare providers; and 4) pilot testing. The psychometric properties of the SHPVS were evaluated using classical item analysis and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) among a sample of 527 university students’ ages 18 to 24 years. Results The estimated Cronbach’s alpha for the SHPVS is 0.74. Conclusions The SHPVS is a reliable measure of young adults HPV perceived vulnerability, perceived severity, perceived barriers and perceived benefits of HPV vaccination.

A significant portion of college students are not aware of HPV disease and HPV vaccine recommendations

“…Thomas et al 19 developed an electronic student HPV survey (SHPVS) tool, based on Neuman's Systems Model (NSM) and Health Belief Model (HBM), at Florida International University. Their goal was to measure young adults' perception of the severity of HPV infection, vulnerability to HPV infection, and barriers to the completion of HPV vaccine series.…”

­­Human papillomavirus and Chinese international students in the United States: attitudes, knowledge, vaccination trends, healthcare behaviors, and sexual activity

“…A self-administered survey consisting of 25 multiple choice questions was developed based on previously used HPVrelated student surveys and the needs of CIS studying at American universities. [12][13][14][15][16] We collected information on demographics, healthcare activity, sexual activity, HPV vaccination status, and HPV disease and vaccine knowledge and attitudes. Questions were multiple choice, with 2 to 11 possible answers, available in both paper and electronic (Survey Monkey) formats, and surveys typically took 10-15 minutes to complete.…”

Designing and psychometric assessment of the scale of factors influencing HPV vaccine uptake behaviors in young adults

“…In the study of Ali et al (2017), which was somewhat similar to the present study, EFA was not used and no variance was reported [ 32 ]. In the study by Thomas et al [ 33 ], psychometric assessment explained students’ opinions about HPV and its vaccine with 4 factors and 40% of the total variance [ 33 ]. Guvenc et al [ 52 ] also reported the HPV health belief model scale and its vaccination in nursing students with 4 factors and 61.47% of the total variance [ 52 ].…”

“…These studies have shown that vulnerability to the disease plays a role in the intention of getting a vaccination [ 56 , 57 ]. Several scales of HPV health belief model and HPV vaccine had this factor [ 33 , 52 ]. It is important to note that although the names of the factors were similar at different scales for the HPV vaccine, they were different in terms of items.…”

“…A questionnaire was designed in Malaysia to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of adults about HPV vaccination from the perspective of healthcare providers [ 32 ]. A questionnaire was also designed to increase the HPV vaccine completion in young adults by surveying students about the HPV [ 33 ]. Another questionnaire was designed in France to determine the doubt about HPV vaccination among mothers [ 34 ].…”