“…MOFs exhibit high porosity, large surface areas, unique host–guest dynamics, thermal stability, and mechanical flexibility. 102 In contrast to copper within pure metal surfaces, which primarily exists in the zero oxidation state, copper within MOFs also exists in the +1 and +2 oxidation states (Table S1†). Like SACs, MOFs feature isolated catalytic sites; however, their reticular nature enables more precise design of active sites than in SACs.…”