The Structures of Metal–Organic Frameworks

Copper-based metal–organic frameworks for CO2reduction: selectivity trends, design paradigms, and perspectives

“…Additionally, the choice of ligand and other factors such as counterions, pH, temperature, and solvents can influence MOF properties. 102 The two most widely used classes of ligands for MOF synthesis are N-donors and O-donors, composed primarily of pyridyl-and carboxylate-based ligands, respectively (Fig. 6).…”

“…101 It should be noted that although less studied, phosphonate and sulfonate ligands may also be used in MOFs. 102 For a comprehensive treatment of the structure and synthesis of MOFs, we refer the reader to other works. [101][102][103][104][105] Recently, MOFs have gained popularity due to their novel properties.…”

“…102 For a comprehensive treatment of the structure and synthesis of MOFs, we refer the reader to other works. [101][102][103][104][105] Recently, MOFs have gained popularity due to their novel properties. MOFs exhibit high porosity, large surface areas, unique host-guest dynamics, thermal stability, and mechanical flexibility.…”

“…MOFs exhibit high porosity, large surface areas, unique host-guest dynamics, thermal stability, and mechanical flexibility. 102 In contrast to copper within pure metal surfaces, which primarily exists in the zero oxidation state, copper within MOFs also exists in the +1 and +2 oxidation states (Table S1 †). Like SACs, MOFs feature isolated catalytic sites; however, their reticular nature enables more precise design of active sites than in SACs.…”