The Structure of Schizophrenic Incoherence

Frommer, Jörg; Tress, Wolfgang

doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-9329-0_13

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Subsequently, Frommer and Tress [19,20] analyzed these data using a theme-rhyme paradigm and found the lowest overall cohesion scores in the schizophrenic patient group. Since the between-group differences did not reach significance, the authors con-Lott/Guggenbühl/Schneeberger/Pulver/ Stassen cluded that a large part of schizophrenic speech may be linguistically unobtrusive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linguistic Analysis of the Speech Output of Schizophrenic, Bipolar, and Depressive Patients

Lott¹,

Guggenbühl²,

Schneeberger³

et al. 2002

Psychopathology

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Using speech samples of 100 patients suffering from schizophrenia, bipolar illness and major depression, we addressed the question of the extent to which the linguistic abnormalities in the speech of these patients represent diagnosis-specific characteristics or constitute independent, syndrome-like dimensions of the illnesses. All speech samples were transcribed by a professional linguist who was blind to both identity and diagnosis of the patients. The majority of the deviant linguistic variables was found to be common to all three diagnostic groups under comparison, while only a few linguistic variables exhibited statistically significant between-group differences. On the other hand, when the respective variables were analysed as a multivariate entity, the variety of subtle between-group differences allowed us to discriminate between the diagnostic groups at an overall performance of 72.7% correctly classified patients. There was an almost complete lack of association between linguistic abnormalities and psychopathology syndromes. In particular, we found no correlation between the syndrome ‘formal thought disorder’ and the large variety of linguistic variables used in this investigation. In consequence, we conjecture that linguistically deviant speech characteristics represent an independent syndrome complex manifested at varying intensities across mental illnesses, and that this syndrome complex deserves greater attention, not only with respect to the principal understanding of the underlying disturbances, but also as a potential target of therapeutical intervention.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linguistic Analysis of the Speech Output of Schizophrenic, Bipolar, and Depressive Patients

Lott¹,

Guggenbühl²,

Schneeberger³

et al. 2002

Psychopathology

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“…Aufgrund der definitorischen Unschärfe und der vielen Überschneidungen beider Begriffe werden diese jedoch vielfach synonym verwendet [11], zumal die Kraepelinsche Definition von Zerfahrenheit tatsächlich im wesentlichen Merkmale aufweist, die auch für die Inkohärenz gelten:…”

Section: Historische Aspekte Des Konzeptes Der Formalen Denkstörungenunclassified

Differenzierte Betrachtung formaler Denkstörungen bei Schizophrenien

Pfuhlmann¹

1997

Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr

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Although formal thought disorders, due to their outstanding ability of revealing underlying cognitive changes in schizophrenic psychoses, are amongst the most widely examined psychopathological phenomena in these psychoses, agreement with regard to the diagnostic significance is lacking. Contradictory findings in psychopathological research concerning these complex phenomena might be one possible reason. Since the quest for establishing a characteristic schizophrenic thought pathology was unsuccessful, it seems obviously advisable to abandon the hypothesis of a uniform kind of schizophrenic thought disorder. Therefore, a more detailed classification based on exact clinical observation seems desirable. Karl Leonard has developed a differentiation of formal thought disorder with diagnostic significance, which possibly allows for more convincing results. The phenomenology of formal thought disorder along the lines of Leonard is presented according to his theoretical views, and further research perspectives are shown that support this differentiation and illustrate the pathogenetic background with regard to linguistic methods.

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“…der als wesentliche Grundstörung der "Schizophrenie" eine Störung der Assoziationen im Sinne einer Lockerung assoziativer Gedankenverbindungen bis hin zu deren Auflösung ansah. Aus letzterer resultiert auf der Ebene des Beobachtbaren, also der Äußerungen des Patienten, die als Inkohärenz bezeichnete Form der Denkstörung [10]. Obgleich die Bedeutung formaler Denkstörungen in der Diagnostik frühzeitig erkannt wurde, konnte nie Einigkeit darüber erzielt werden, ob es für bestimmte Erkrankungen spezifische Formen solcher Denkstörungen gibt.…”

Section: Begriff Und Klinische Bedeutung Formaler Denkstärungenunclassified

Die Bedeutung einer differenzierten Analyse formaler Denkstörungen bei Verwirrtheitspsychose und Kataphasie

Pfuhlmann

Franzek²,

Stöber³

1997

Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr

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Formal thought disorders are usually regarded as a central symptom of schizophrenic psychoses, but nevertheless as diagnostically non-specific. Karl Leonhard, therefore, differentiated in his classification of endogenous psychoses between a whole lot of diagnostically specific types of formal thought disorders. He described two psychoses, of which formal thought disorder is the main psychopathological feature, i.e. confusion psychosis and cataphasia. By means of an analysis of tape-recorded utterances of patients with such psychoses we demonstrate the phenomenological differentiation of the distinct types of thought disorder in these psychoses. In confusion psychosis the disturbance concerns the thematic organisation and target-oriented direction of the train of thought. Characteristically, an "incoherence of thematic choice" results, reflecting a disturbance on the level of organisation of discourse. The concepts, ideas and themes itself are organised in a logically correct manner and are comprehensible. The thought disorder in cataphasia, however, shows severe logical faults in the connection of concepts and ideas, as a result of which single themes and ideas become a logical and incomprehensible. Moreover, cataphasic thought disorder goes beyond the level of discourse organisation and extends to disturbances of linguistic functions including mistakes on a semantical and syntactic level. These observations correspond well with the widely accepted assumption of a modular organisation of cognitive and linguistic processes. The thought disorder in prognostically unfavourable cataphasia concerns "basal" logical, semantic and syntactic systems, which remain uninfluenced in the prognostically favourable confusion psychosis. In the latter, therefore, the disorder is restricted to the higher functions of organisation of discourse.

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The Structure of Schizophrenic Incoherence

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

Linguistic Analysis of the Speech Output of Schizophrenic, Bipolar, and Depressive Patients

Linguistic Analysis of the Speech Output of Schizophrenic, Bipolar, and Depressive Patients

Differenzierte Betrachtung formaler Denkstörungen bei Schizophrenien

Die Bedeutung einer differenzierten Analyse formaler Denkstörungen bei Verwirrtheitspsychose und Kataphasie

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