"The structure of phenoytypic personality traits": Comment.

Eysenck, H.J.

doi:10.1037/0003-066x.48.12.1299.b

Cited by 24 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This study tries to answer this question through the analysis of the personality traits of individual investors. Eysenck (1993) suggests that personality traits are composed of five principles, namely, replicability, comprehensiveness, external correlates, source traits and multiple levels. The five principles were later renamed as Big-Five factors or Five Factor Model (FFM).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investor personality and investment performance: from the perspective of psychological traits

Akhtar

Das

2020

QRFM

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to analyse the mediation effect of psychological biases, namely, financial risk tolerance (FRT) and financial overconfidence on the relationship between personality traits of individual investors and their investment performance (perceived) in the context of a developing financial market such as Indian Capital Markets. Design/methodology/approach The study uses both quantitative and cross-sectional approach to collect response from 983 individual investors through a questionnaire. The questionnaire had segments that were designed to assess their personality traits, investment performance and psychological traits. The personality traits were assessed through Big-Five personality inventory (TIPI), the psychological traits, i.e. FRT was measured through FRT scale, whereas financial overconfidence was measured through three basic concepts, namely, over-precision, over-placement and overestimation. Investment performance was assessed through perceived investment performance measures. The collected data was then analysed through AMOS and SPSS to validate the hypothesised relationship. Findings Findings of the study depict that personality traits of individual investors are related with their FRT, financial overconfidence and perceived investment performance. In addition, FRT and financial overconfidence are negatively related to perceived investment performance. Furthermore, mediation analysis showed that the two psychological traits were found to fully mediate the relationship between personality traits and investment performance. Research limitations/implications There are still certain limitations of the present study. First, the questionnaire pre-testing and sampling technique allowed for only for those investors who had an experience of investment in financial markets; however, the quantification of actual investment performance for each investor was impossible, and thus the actual investment performance was not determined. Second, this study focusses on the mediating role of financial overconfidence and financial risk-taking, as such it is known that levels of financial overconfidence and risk-taking depend on many other extraneous factors such as socio-economic status and financial knowledge. Practical implications The findings of the present study is useful for financial companies, policymakers as well as issuers of financial securities, who can keep a watch on these behaviour-related traits before issuing a security in the financial market and for the financial service providers; this study would be beneficial to design a “behavioural portfolio” according to the personality and psychological traits of their clients. Social implications Through this study, the investors can recognise their personality traits and psychological biases and take sound and good investment decisions and can also maximise their level of overconfidence. This increased level of overconfidence will propel them further to actively and frequently participate in financial markets and make financial gains. Originality/value The essence of this paper lies in the identification of personality traits and psychological traits of individual investors, and their relationship with investment performance. Studies such as this are less prevalent in the context of a developing country such as India. Moreover, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper is first of its kind to study the meditating effect of psychological biases in the relationship between personality traits and investment performance.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investor personality and investment performance: from the perspective of psychological traits

Akhtar

Das

2020

QRFM

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“…The five factors have emerged across personality inventories, genders, ages, raters, languages, and cultures (Dilchert, Ones, Van Rooy, & Viswesvaran, 2006;McCrae & Costa, 1987, 1997, suggesting that the five-factor model is a strongly generalizable framework for describing personality traits. Though some have argued for alternate conceptualizations of personality (e.g., Block, 1995;Eysenck, 1993) and for the merit of studying trait compounds that span multiple Big Five factors (Ones & Viswesvaran, 2001), the five-factor model is the organizing taxonomy for personality traits most frequently used by metaanalysts across these fields (e.g., Barrick et al, 2001;Heller, Watson, & Hies, 2004;Malouff et al, 2005;Steel, 2007). Adopting this common, meaningful language has allowed integration of research findings from an otherwise jangling sprawl of personality theories and measures.…”

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confidence: 99%

An other perspective on personality: Meta-analytic integration of observers' accuracy and predictive validity.

Connelly¹,

Ones²

2010

Psychological Bulletin

892

116

959

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The bulk of personality research has been built from self-report measures of personality. However, collecting personality ratings from other-raters, such as family, friends, and even strangers, is a dramatically underutilized method that allows better explanation and prediction of personality's role in many domains of psychology. Drawing hypotheses from D. C. Funder's (1995) realistic accuracy model about trait and information moderators of accuracy, we offer 3 meta-analyses to help researchers and applied psychologists understand and interpret both consistencies and unique insights afforded by other-ratings of personality. These meta-analyses integrate findings based on 44,178 target individuals rated across 263 independent samples. Each meta-analysis assessed the accuracy of observer ratings, as indexed by interrater consensus/reliability (Study 1), self-other correlations (Study 2), and predictions of behavior (Study 3). The results show that although increased frequency of interacting with targets does improve accuracy in rating personality, informants' interpersonal intimacy with the target is necessary for substantial increases in other-rating accuracy. Interpersonal intimacy improved accuracy especially for traits low in visibility (e.g., Emotional Stability) but only minimally for traits high in evaluativeness (e.g., Agreeableness). In addition, observer ratings were strong predictors of behaviors. When the criterion was academic achievement or job performance, other-ratings yielded predictive validities substantially greater than and incremental to self-ratings. These findings indicate that extraordinary value can gained by using other-reports to measure personality, and these findings provide guidelines toward enriching personality theory. Various subfields of psychology in which personality variables are systematically assessed and utilized in research and practice can benefit tremendously from use of others' ratings to measure personality variables.

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“…Previous taxonomies of personality derived from lexical analysis, such as 16PF [22], HEX-ACO [23] and five-factor models [24] have largely focussed upon adjectival descriptors of personality. Verbs and nouns have largely been excluded [25], with notable exceptions [26,27], therefore leading to incomplete catalogues. In the context of lexical analysis, there are a range of verbs and nouns that are related to adjectival descriptors of personality traits.…”

Section: Lexical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

An atlas of personality, emotion and behaviour

Mobbs

2020

PLoS ONE

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A novel two-dimensional matrix taxonomy, or atlas, of personality, emotion and behaviour is presented. The two dimensions of the atlas, affiliation and dominance, are demonstrated to have theoretical foundations in neurobiology and social psychology. Both dimensions are divided into five ordinal categories, creating a square matrix of 25 cells. A new catalogue of 20,669 English words descriptive of personality, emotion, behaviour, and power is also presented. The catalogue is more comprehensive than previous catalogues, and is novel in its inclusion of intrapersonal, group, and societal behaviours. All words in the catalogue were scored according to the atlas, facilitating visualisation in two dimensions. This enabled a contiguous and novel comparison of existing psychological taxonomies, as well as broader societal concepts such as leadership, ethics, and crime. Using the atlas, a novel psychological test is developed with improved sensitivity and specificity.

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"The structure of phenoytypic personality traits": Comment.

Abstract: A large-scale cross-validation of second-order personality structure defined by the 16PF.

Cited by 24 publications

References 16 publications

Investor personality and investment performance: from the perspective of psychological traits

Investor personality and investment performance: from the perspective of psychological traits

An other perspective on personality: Meta-analytic integration of observers' accuracy and predictive validity.

An atlas of personality, emotion and behaviour

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