The structure of morphine differs between the crystalline state and aqueous solution

Abstract

Cross-polarisation magic-angle-spinning and high resolution I3C n.m.r. spectra indicate that hydrogen bonding and crystal packing forces alter the structure of morphine sulphate in the crystalline state from that available for receptor binding in aqueous solution.The isomeric structure of (-)-morphine was first proven by X-ray crystallography of the hydroiodide dihydrate sa1t.l oriented only in the equatorial direction as in (1).This and subsequent X-ray crystallography of the hydrochloride trihydrate salts2 indicated that both morphine and codeine exist in the crystal as structure (1). The piperidine ring, which includes C-9, -14, -13, -15, and -16, exhibited a

Application of 1-Dimensional and 2-Dimensional Solid-State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy to the Characterization of Morphine, Morphine Hydrochloride, and Their Hydrates

“…All the compounds have different and well-identified spectra, with well-resolved resonances for the 17 carbons present in MOR. The assignments were performed by comparing reported 13 C spectra for MOR in solution 38,39 and reported solid-state 13 C spectra for MOR sulfate. 40,41 In addition, the nonquaternary suppression spectra were used to support the assignments of quaternary carbons and methyl groups (Fig.…”