The structure and formation of nanotwins in BaTiO3 thin films

Jia, C. L.

doi:10.1080/014186198254119

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Such face-sharing octahedra were found in perovskite polymorphs, such as the high-temperature hexagonal phase of BaTiO 3 11 and the lowtemperature phase of BaMnO 3 . 12 A similar twin structure was found in polycrystalline BaTiO 3 thin films fabricated by pulsedlaser deposition (PLD) 13 and radio-frequency magnetron sputtering 14 and in BaTiO 3 nanocrystals synthesized metalorganically. 15 Recnik et al 16 clearly showed the BaO 3 close-packed plane structure at the interface and the chemical composition of the boundary plane (BaO 3-x ) and face-sharing octahedra ([(Ti 4 -x ) 2 O 9 -x ] -10 ) in their BaTiO 3 ceramics sample sintered in a reducing atmosphere using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), high-resolution image simulation, and electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Ruddlesden–Popper Planar Faults and Nanotwins in Heteroepitaxial Nonstoichiometric Barium Titanate Thin Films

Suzuki

Nishi

Fujimoto

2000

Journal of the American Ceramic Society

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Nonstoichiometric 10-mol%-excess-BaO-BaTiO 3 (Ba 1.1 TiO 3.1 ) thin film grown on a (100) SrTiO 3 substrate consisted of heteroepitaxial c-axis-oriented BaTiO 3 perovskite crystals including Ruddlesden-Popper planar faults and nanometerscale multiple (111) twin lamellae. High-resolution electron microscopy and electron energy-loss spectroscopy revealed that nanotwins with coherent (111) ⌺3 coincident site lattice boundaries were terminated in the BaTiO 3 matrix to form incoherent (211) ⌺3 boundaries accommodating excess barium ions. Both Ruddlesden-Popper planar fault and incoherent (211) boundary formation were proposed as possible accommodation mechanisms of excess barium ions in the perovskite film.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Ruddlesden–Popper Planar Faults and Nanotwins in Heteroepitaxial Nonstoichiometric Barium Titanate Thin Films

Suzuki

Nishi

Fujimoto

2000

Journal of the American Ceramic Society

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“…Contrast at domain walls in the HRTEM images is attributed to lattice distortions or ionic displacements. The structure and formation of nano-twins in polycrystalline barium titanate thin films has also been observed by HRTEM [ 152 ]. Excellent lateral resolution, of the order of 1nm, can be obtained, but the preparation of thin samples, typically 10 μm or less, is vital.…”

Section: Observation Of Domain Structure In Ferroelectric Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Domain Modelling and Domain Imaging Techniques in Ferroelectric Crystals

2011

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The present paper reviews models of domain structure in ferroelectric crystals, thin films and bulk materials. Common crystal structures in ferroelectric materials are described and the theory of compatible domain patterns is introduced. Applications to multi-rank laminates are presented. Alternative models employing phase-field and related techniques are reviewed. The paper then presents methods of observing ferroelectric domain structure, including optical, polarized light, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray and neutron diffraction, atomic force microscopy and piezo-force microscopy. Use of more than one technique for unambiguous identification of the domain structure is also described.

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“…suggested a shear displacement on {111} results in the formation of such twins in BaTiO 3 fired in low oxygen partial pressures (pO 2 ). The nucleation of {111} nanotwins from the dissociation of the 〈111〉 edge‐type dislocations 17 may be one of the mechanisms of forming the {111} twins in laser‐ablated BaTiO 3 films sintered subsequently in low pO 2 (∼10 −7 atm). Similarly Lie et al 5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, most of the microstructure analysis on the {111} twins were performed on powders, 18 sintered samples, 3,8,9,16,19,20 or thin films 5,17 heated and cooled in reducing atmospheres 5,11,20 . While the BaO 3 layer being the composition plane 17,20,21 common to two face‐sharing TiO 6 octahedra at the twin boundaries is not disputed, the suggestion that oxygen vacancies 17,20 formed extrinsically to compensate for Ti 3+ was further supported 22 by only of 68% oxygen occupancy in the twin boundaries. Indeed, X7R formulated multilayer ceramic capacitors, sintered and annealed in low pO 2 , exhibited an incommensurately modulated domains lying on associated with ordered oxygen vacancies, 23–25 have transited into a commensurate superstructure along after dc degradation 23,24 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The {111} Growth Twins in Tetragonal Barium Titanate

Lee

et al. 2006

Journal of the American Ceramic Society

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The f1 11g twins frequently observed in pressureless-sintered BaTiO 3 ceramics have been analyzed by the X-ray diffractometry, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Both the single twins and double lamellar twins are growth (or annealing) twins. The twins lying in the f1 11g mirror planes, which is not one of the symmetry elements of the (basic) crystal lattice's but that of the superlattice's, are therefore superlattice twins. The f1 11g twins, particularly the double twins, were found more frequently from samples sintered in an Ar atmosphere of lower oxygen partial pressure (pO 2 ). Further decreasing of pO 2 using the Ar-5% H 2 mixture has rendered the sintered samples entirely of hexagonal BaTiO 3 , the 6H-polytype. The formation of such twins is attributed to changing of the corner-sharing TiO 6 octahedra to Ti 2 O 9 face-sharing octahedra, which accommodates for local oxygen deficiency in tetragonal BaTiO 3 . The stacking sequence alters accordingly from c-layer (constituting the 3C-polytype, treating tetragonal pseudo-cubic) to h-layer (as in (chc) 1 (chc) 2 of 6H). J ournal

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The structure and formation of nanotwins in BaTiO3 thin films

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Ruddlesden–Popper Planar Faults and Nanotwins in Heteroepitaxial Nonstoichiometric Barium Titanate Thin Films

Ruddlesden–Popper Planar Faults and Nanotwins in Heteroepitaxial Nonstoichiometric Barium Titanate Thin Films

A Review of Domain Modelling and Domain Imaging Techniques in Ferroelectric Crystals

The {111} Growth Twins in Tetragonal Barium Titanate

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