The Structure and Energetics of the East Atlantic Intertropical Convergence Zone

Frank, William M.

doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1983)040<1916:tsaeot>2.0.co;2

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…The most prominent feature determining the seasons in Surinam is the ITCZ. Studies of the ITCZ migration in the vicinity of Surinam have been carried out as part of the GATE experiment (Frank, 1983), circulation and climate studies of South America (Hastenrath, 1966, 1977, 1997, 2000) and our current measurement program.…”

Section: Regional Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the short dry season, trajectory origins at the 900–800–700–600 hPa levels ( N = 76) point to the northern Atlantic region around the Cape Verde islands (16° N, 24° W). This region was the focus of the 1983 GATE experiment (Frank, 1983), and has been traversed by ships, i.e. the R/V Polarstern in 1993 (Weller et al, 1996) and the R/V Ronald H. Brown in March 1999 (Thompson et al, 2000).…”

Section: Wet and Dry Seasonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tropospheric ozone over a tropical Atlantic station in the Northern Hemisphere: Paramaribo, Surinam (6oN, 55oW)

Peters¹,

Krol²,

Fortuin³

et al. 2004

Tellus B

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We present an analysis of 2.5 yr of weekly ozone soundings conducted at a new monitoring station in Paramaribo, Surinam (6°N, 55°W). This is currently one of only three ozone sounding stations in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) tropics, and the only one in the equatorial Atlantic region. Paramaribo is part of the Southern Hemisphere Additional Ozone Sounding program (SHADOZ). Owing to its position close to the equator, the inter‐tropical convergence zone (ITCZ) passes over Paramaribo twice per year, which results in a semi‐annual seasonality of many parameters including relative humidity and ozone. The dataset from Paramaribo is used to: (1) evaluate the ozone variability relative to precipitation, atmospheric circulation patterns and biomass burning; (2) contrast ozone at the NH equatorial Atlantic with that at nearby Southern Hemisphere (SH) stations Natal (6°S, 35°W) and Ascension (8°S, 14°W); (3) compare the seasonality of tropospheric ozone with a satellite‐derived ozone product: tropical tropospheric ozone columns from the modified residual method (MR‐TTOC). We find that Paramaribo is a distinctly Atlantic station. Despite its position north of the equator, it resembles nearby SH stations during most of the year. Transport patterns in the lower and middle troposphere during February and March differ from SH stations, which leads to a seasonality of ozone with two maxima. MR‐TTOC over Paramaribo does not match the observed seasonality of ozone due to the use of a SH ozone sonde climatology in the MR method. The Paramaribo ozone record is used to suggest an improvement for Northern Hemisphere MR‐TTOC retrievals. We conclude that station Paramaribo shows unique features in the region, and clearly adds new information to the existing SHADOZ record.

show abstract

Section: Regional Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Wet and Dry Seasonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropospheric ozone over a tropical Atlantic station in the Northern Hemisphere: Paramaribo, Surinam (6oN, 55oW)

Peters¹,

Krol²,

Fortuin³

et al. 2004

Tellus B

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The most prominent feature determining the seasons in Surinam is the ITCZ. Studies of the ITCZ migration in the vicinity of Surinam have been carried out as part of the GATE experiment (Frank, 1983), circulation and climate studies of South America (Hastenrath, 1966(Hastenrath, , 1977(Hastenrath, , 1997(Hastenrath, , 2000 and our current measurement program.…”

Section: Regional Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the short dry season, trajectory origins at the 900-800-700-600 hPa levels (N = 76) point to the northern Atlantic region around the Cape Verde islands (16 • N, 24 • W). This region was the focus of the 1983 GATE experiment (Frank, 1983), and has been traversed by ships, i.e. the R/V Polarstern in 1993 (Weller et al, 1996) and the R/V Ronald H. Brown in March 1999 (Thompson et al, 2000).…”

Section: The Short Dry Season (February-march)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropospheric ozone over a tropical Atlantic station in the Northern Hemisphere: Paramaribo, Surinam (6°N, 55°W)

Peters

Krol

Fortuin

et al. 2004

Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology

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A B S T R A C TWe present an analysis of 2.5 yr of weekly ozone soundings conducted at a new monitoring station in Paramaribo, Surinam (6 • N, 55 • W). This is currently one of only three ozone sounding stations in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) tropics, and the only one in the equatorial Atlantic region. Paramaribo is part of the Southern Hemisphere Additional Ozone Sounding program (SHADOZ). Owing to its position close to the equator, the inter-tropical convergence zone (ITCZ) passes over Paramaribo twice per year, which results in a semi-annual seasonality of many parameters including relative humidity and ozone. The dataset from Paramaribo is used to: (1) evaluate the ozone variability relative to precipitation, atmospheric circulation patterns and biomass burning; (2) contrast ozone at the NH equatorial Atlantic with that at nearby Southern Hemisphere (SH) stations Natal (6 • S, 35 • W) and Ascension (8 • S, 14 • W); (3) compare the seasonality of tropospheric ozone with a satellite-derived ozone product: tropical tropospheric ozone columns from the modified residual method (MR-TTOC). We find that Paramaribo is a distinctly Atlantic station. Despite its position north of the equator, it resembles nearby SH stations during most of the year. Transport patterns in the lower and middle troposphere during February and March differ from SH stations, which leads to a seasonality of ozone with two maxima. MR-TTOC over Paramaribo does not match the observed seasonality of ozone due to the use of a SH ozone sonde climatology in the MR method. The Paramaribo ozone record is used to suggest an improvement for Northern Hemisphere MR-TTOC retrievals. We conclude that station Paramaribo shows unique features in the region, and clearly adds new information to the existing SHADOZ record.

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“…Os principais sistemas sinóticos e de mesoescala, que determinam o tempo no Nordeste do Brasil (NEB) são: Zona de Convergência Intertropical (Frank, 1983;Uvo e Nobre, 1989;Xavier et al, 2000), Ventos Alísios e perturbações ondulatórias no campo dos Alísios (Molion e Bernardo, 2000), anticiclone subtropical, Vórtices Ciclônicos em Altos Níveis (Kousky e Gan, 1981;Ramirez, 1996), Vórtices Ciclônicos em Médios Níveis (Anjos, 1995;Fedorova et al, 2006), Zonas Frontais (Kousky, 1979;Satyamurty et al, 1998), Ondas de Leste (Chan, 1990;Mota e Gandu, 1998), Alta da Bolívia, Zona de Convergência do Atlântico Sul (Quadro, 1994;Satyamurty et al, 1998), linhas de instabilidade (Cohen, 1989), Complexos Convectivos de Mesoescala (Reeder e Smith, 1998;Veltishev, 1990).…”

Section: Introduçaounclassified

Análise do comportamento das trovoadas no estado de alagoas, previsão à curto prazo

Brito

Levit

Fedorova

et al. 2011

Rev. bras. meteorol.

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A frequência de trovoadas a partir de dados de satélite TRMM e do DECEA foi estudada para o período de 10 anos (de 1998 até 2007), onde se observou que as trovoadas foram mais frequentes nos meses de verão, com maior ocorrência no mês de março. Em anos de El Niño ocorre uma diminuição de cerca de 20% dos casos de trovoadas em Alagoas, mas nos anos normais e de La Niña observa-se um aumento dos dias de trovoadas de até 80%. As trovoadas foram relacionadas, em baixos níveis, aos Alísios com curvatura ciclônica e em altos níveis à presença de VCAN (Vórtice Ciclônico em Altos Níveis), CJNEB (Corrente de Jato no Nordeste do Brasil) e Anticiclone sobre o Estado de Alagoas. As trovoadas se formaram predominantemente a noroeste do VCAN e na região da entrada (lado quente) e na saída (lado frio) da CJNEB. As análises termodinâmicas mostraram que as curvas de temperatura do ar e de temperatura do ponto de orvalho observadas foram semelhantes às curvas previstas, construídas pelas trajetórias das parcelas de ar pelo modelo HYSPLIT, nas previsões até 48 e 24h de antecedência, respectivamente. Os índices LI e CAPE+ previram uma atmosfera muito instável com 48h de antecedência.

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The Structure and Energetics of the East Atlantic Intertropical Convergence Zone

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Tropospheric ozone over a tropical Atlantic station in the Northern Hemisphere: Paramaribo, Surinam (6oN, 55oW)

Tropospheric ozone over a tropical Atlantic station in the Northern Hemisphere: Paramaribo, Surinam (6oN, 55oW)

Tropospheric ozone over a tropical Atlantic station in the Northern Hemisphere: Paramaribo, Surinam (6°N, 55°W)

Análise do comportamento das trovoadas no estado de alagoas, previsão à curto prazo

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The Structure and Energetics of the East Atlantic Intertropical Convergence Zone

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Tropospheric ozone over a tropical Atlantic station in the Northern Hemisphere: Paramaribo, Surinam (6oN, 55oW)

Tropospheric ozone over a tropical Atlantic station in the Northern Hemisphere: Paramaribo, Surinam (6oN, 55oW)

Tropospheric ozone over a tropical Atlantic station in the Northern Hemisphere: Paramaribo, Surinam (6&#xb0;N, 55&#xb0;W)

Análise do comportamento das trovoadas no estado de alagoas, previsão à curto prazo

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Tropospheric ozone over a tropical Atlantic station in the Northern Hemisphere: Paramaribo, Surinam (6°N, 55°W)