“…However the synonymy has not been recognized by Argentine taxonomists who distinguish between these two species which occur in overlapping areas of southeastern South America (Cabrera, 1978;Zardini, 1991;Grau and Rea, 1997). Articles have appeared on the chemistry of nine Smallanthus species, frequently under the old Polymnia label (Herz andBhat, 1970, 1973;Bohlmann and Zdero, 1977;Bohlmann et al, 1979;LeVan and Fischer, 1979;Bohlmann et al, 1980;Bohlmann et al, 1980;Bohlmann et al, 1980;Bohlmann et al, 1985;Malcolm and Fischer, 1987;Dominguez et al, 1988;Castro et al, 1989;Kakuta et al, 1992;Inoue et al, 1995). Characteristic constituents are sesquiterpene lactones of the melampolide type, such as 1b and 2a with kauranes being isolated mainly from the roots, but there are no reports on the chemistry of either S. connatus or S. macroscyphus.…”