The Structure and Characteristics of the Fluorescent Metal Chelates of o,o'-Dihydroxyazo Compounds<sup>1</sup>

Freeman, Donald C.; White, Charles E.

doi:10.1021/ja01593a006

Cited by 82 publications

(38 citation statements)

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“…While it would be very interesting to investigate different isomers of the complexes, we do not currently have a method for preparing them. Alq 3 and a-NPD were prepared according to literature procedures [43,44]. BCP was purchased from Aldrich.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platinum Binuclear Complexes as Phosphorescent Dopants for Monochromatic and White Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes

Djurovich

Garon

et al. 2006

Adv Funct Materials

214

168

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Efficient blue‐, green‐, and red‐light‐emitting organic diodes are fabricated using binuclear platinum complexes as phosphorescent dopants. The series of complexes used here have pyrazolate bridging ligands and the general formula C∧NPt(μ‐pz)2PtC∧N (where C∧N = 2‐(4′,6′‐difluorophenyl)pyridinato‐N,C2′, pz = pyrazole (1), 3‐methyl‐5‐tert‐butylpyrazole (2), and 3,5‐bis(tert‐butyl)pyrazole (3)). The Pt–Pt distance in the complexes, which decreases in the order 1 > 2 > 3, solely determines the electroluminescence color of the organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). Blue OLEDs fabricated using 8 % 1 doped into a 3,5‐bis(N‐carbazolyl)benzene (mCP) host have a quantum efficiency of 4.3 % at 120 Cd m–2, a brightness of 3900 Cd m–2 at 12 V, and Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.11, 0.24). Green and red OLEDs fabricated with 2 and 3, respectively, also give high quantum efficiencies (∼ 6.7 %), with CIE coordinates of (0.31, 0.63) and (0.59, 0.46), respectively. The current‐density–voltage characteristics of devices made using dopants 2 and 3 indicate that hole trapping is enhanced by short Pt–Pt distances (< 3.1 Å). Blue electrophosphorescence is achieved by taking advantage of the binuclear molecular geometry in order to suppress dopant intermolecular interactions. No evidence of low‐energy emission from aggregate states is observed in OLEDs made with 50 % 1 doped into mCP. OLEDs made using 100 % 1 as an emissive layer display red luminescence, which is believed to originate from distorted complexes with compressed Pt–Pt separations located in defect sites within the neat film. White OLEDs are fabricated using 1 and 3 in three different device architectures, either with one or two dopants in dual emissive layers or both dopants in a single emissive layer. All the white OLEDs have high quantum efficiency (∼ 5 %) and brightness (∼ 600 Cd m–2 at 10 V).

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Platinum Binuclear Complexes as Phosphorescent Dopants for Monochromatic and White Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes

Djurovich

Garon

et al. 2006

Adv Funct Materials

214

168

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“…Ref. [12]). Both excitation and PL spectra of these complexes seem to be affected by their environment on a molecular scale.…”

Section: Article In Pressmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the planar geometry makes a more stable complex. This is the most plausible explanation of fluorescence enhancement by complexing group III metals [12]. In the present work, both photoluminescence (PL) and electroluminescence (EL) are studied by employing Ga(III) complexes based on saph 2À and two of its derivatives (5Mesaph 2À and 5Brsaph 2À ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The presence of the metal simply serves to stabilize ligand geometry. Indeed, since the intensity of fluorescence increases by metal complexation, without changing the spectral structure of the fluorescence spectrum, it is assumed that bonding with the metal, which inhibits rotation of the aminophenol vs. the salicylidene group, favors planarity and thus limits loss of excitation energy by internal conversion [12]. In addition, the planar geometry makes a more stable complex.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photoluminescence and electroluminescence by gallium(III) complexes of N-salicylidene-o-aminophenol and its derivatives

Kagkelari

Bekiari

Σταθάτος³

et al. 2009

Journal of Luminescence

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“…Organic compounds play very important roles in OLED, they can be applied to most of the different layers in the multilayer OLED devices. [6][7][8] Freeman and White had synthesized Alq 3 complex from the ligand 8-hydroxyquinoline for the first time in 1955, 9 and Tang et al 10 utilized it for the fabrication of the first organic LEDs operating at a low voltage (< 20 V). The material is subjected to an electrical field, and a lot of new ligands were designed and applied to enhance the performance of OLED.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Electroluminescent Properties of a Novel Electroluminescence Material of Bis-2-(4-(diphenylphosphino)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazole (DPB)

Hoanh¹,

Kim²,

Kim³

et al. 2014

j nanosci nanotechnol

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A new light-emissive material, bis-2-(4-(diphenylphosphino)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazole (DPB), has been synthesized and characterized by FT-NMR, FT-IR, UV-Vis and elemental analysis. DPB has the band gap of 4.3 eV between HOMO and LUMO levels. The photoluminescence (PL) of DPB was measured at 410 nm from the chloroform solution. The electroluminescent (EL) devices with structures of ITO/NPB/DPB/LiF/Al and ITO/NPB/DPB/Alq3/LiF/Al were constructed and showed maximum emission at 540 nm. The device using DPB as emitting material showed the luminance of 1000 cd/m2 at 11 V. The CIE chromaticity of the device showed near the region of white color emission.

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The Structure and Characteristics of the Fluorescent Metal Chelates of o,o'-Dihydroxyazo Compounds¹

Cited by 82 publications

References 0 publications

Platinum Binuclear Complexes as Phosphorescent Dopants for Monochromatic and White Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes

Platinum Binuclear Complexes as Phosphorescent Dopants for Monochromatic and White Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes

Photoluminescence and electroluminescence by gallium(III) complexes of N-salicylidene-o-aminophenol and its derivatives

Synthesis and Electroluminescent Properties of a Novel Electroluminescence Material of Bis-2-(4-(diphenylphosphino)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazole (DPB)

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The Structure and Characteristics of the Fluorescent Metal Chelates of o,o'-Dihydroxyazo Compounds1

Cited by 82 publications

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Platinum Binuclear Complexes as Phosphorescent Dopants for Monochromatic and White Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes

Platinum Binuclear Complexes as Phosphorescent Dopants for Monochromatic and White Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes

Photoluminescence and electroluminescence by gallium(III) complexes of N-salicylidene-o-aminophenol and its derivatives

Synthesis and Electroluminescent Properties of a Novel Electroluminescence Material of Bis-2-(4-(diphenylphosphino)phenyl)benzo[d]oxazole (DPB)

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The Structure and Characteristics of the Fluorescent Metal Chelates of o,o'-Dihydroxyazo Compounds¹