The structural, vibrational, and mechanical properties of jammed packings of deformable particles in three dimensions

Wang, Dong; Treado, John D.; Boromand, Arman; Norwick, Blake; Murrell, Michael P.; Shattuck, Mark D.; O’Hern, Corey S.

doi:10.1039/d1sm01228b

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…One explanation for this discrepancy is that cells in real leaves are stabilized by out-of-plane contacts and require fewer contacts in the paradermal plane to remain mechanically stable. Extending our 2D mesophyll model into three dimensions using deformable polyhedra [52], would be an advancement in understanding mesophyll development. Such an approach could incorporate the presence of other tissues, such as the palisade mesophyll, the epidermis, and veins on the development of the spongy mesophyll.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localized growth drives spongy mesophyll morphogenesis

Treado¹,

Roddy²,

Théroux‐Rancourt³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The spongy mesophyll is a complex, porous tissue found in plant leaves that enables carbon capture and provides mechanical stability. Unlike many other biological tissues, which remain confluent throughout development, the spongy mesophyll must develop from an initially confluent tissue into a tortuous network of cells with a large proportion of intercellular airspace. How the airspace in the spongy mesophyll develops while the cells remain mechanically stable remains unknown. Here, we used computer simulations of deformable particles to develop a purely mechanical model for the development of the spongy mesophyll tissue. By stipulating that (1) cell perimeter grows only near voids, (2) cells both form and break adhesive bonds, and (3) the tissue pressure remains constant, the computational model was able to recapitulate the developmental trajectory of the microstructure of the spongy mesophyll observed in Arabidopsis thaliana leaves.Robust generation of pore space in the spongy mesophyll requires a balance of cell growth, adhesion, stiffness and tissue pressure to ensure cell networks remain both porous yet mechanically robust. The success of this mechanical model of tissue growth and porosity evolution suggests that simple physical principles can coordinate and drive the development of complex plant tissues like the spongy mesophyll.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Localized growth drives spongy mesophyll morphogenesis

Treado¹,

Roddy²,

Théroux‐Rancourt³

et al. 2022

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…To explicitly model changes in particle shape, we recently developed the deformable particle (DP) model in both 2D 38,39 and 3D. 40 In 2D, the particles are modeled as deformable polygons composed of N v vertices. We can achieve deformable particles with nearly smooth surfaces by modeling the vertices as circulo-lines as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Deformable Particle Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hopper flows of deformable particles

et al. 2022

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“…From a numerical point of view, only recently a number of models have emerged for squishy granular matter. Some of them, based on the discrete element method (DEM), have allowed researchers to catch a glimpse of the behavior of multiparticle, highly deformable systems [20,41,42], but remain unsatisfactory in terms of material mimicking. Other methods based on finite-elements (FEM) are better at mimicking particles' materials, but have difficulties to properly take contact interactions into account [43][44][45][46].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Softer than soft: Diving into squishy granular matter

et al. 2022

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Softer than soft, squishy granular matter is composed of grains capable of significantly changing their shape (typically a deformation larger than 10%) without tearing or breaking. Because of the difficulty to test these materials experimentally and numerically, such a family of discrete systems remains largely ignored in the granular matter physics field despite being commonly found in nature and industry. Either from a numerical, experimental, or analytical point of view, the study of highly deformable granular matter involves several challenges covering, for instance: (i) the need to include a large diversity of grain rheology, (ii) the need to consider large material deformations, and (iii) analysis of the effects of large body distortion on the global scale. In this article, we propose a thorough definition of these squishy granular systems and we summarize the upcoming challenges in their study.

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The structural, vibrational, and mechanical properties of jammed packings of deformable particles in three dimensions

Abstract: We investigate the structural, vibrational, and mechanical properties of jammed packings of deformable particles with shape degrees of freedom in three dimensions (3D). Each 3D deformable particle is modeled as...

Cited by 23 publications

References 58 publications

Localized growth drives spongy mesophyll morphogenesis

Localized growth drives spongy mesophyll morphogenesis

Hopper flows of deformable particles

Softer than soft: Diving into squishy granular matter

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