The structural organization of glomerular neuropile in the olfactory and accessory lobes of an Australian freshwater crayfish, Cherax destructor

Sandeman, D. C.; Luff, Susan E.

doi:10.1007/bf00306703

Cited by 126 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…These glomeruh in which sensory terminals contact interneurons are interpreted as structural correlate for the ability of processing complex sensory stimuli (Sandeman & Luff, 1973;Sandeman et al, 1990;Johansson, 1991). These neuropile columns are absent in the megalopa which reveal a less prominent, dense and homogeneously structured neuropile of the olfactory lobes.…”

Section: Larval Versus Adult Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the exhaustive review of Bullock & Horridge (1965), in recent years additional aspects of brain morphology have been dealt with in decapod crustaceans (Tsvileneva & Titova, 1985;N~ssel & Elofsson, 1987;Blaustein et al, 1988), in particular applying immunohistochemical techniques (Sandeman et al, 1988(Sandeman et al, , 1990Johansson, 1991). A considerable amount of information is available about the ultrastructural organization of central ganglia including the neuropile, nerve cell bodies and glia (Abbott, 1971;Sandeman & Luff, 1973). Meanwhile, the stomatogastric nervous system of crustaceans is used as a valid model for the study of various neurophysiological aspects (Selverston & Mouhns, 19871 Cournil et al, 1990;Turrigiano & Selverston, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the morphology of the central nervous system in larval stages ofCarcinus maenas L. (Decapoda, Brachyura)

Harzsch

Dawirs

1993

Helgolander Meeresunters

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We investigated the morphology of the central nervous system throughout the larval development of Carcinus maenas. For that purpose single larvae were reared in the laboratory from hatching through metamorphosis. Complete series of whole mount semithin sections were obtained from individuals of all successive larval stages and analysed with a light microscope. Morphological feature and spatial arrangement of discernable neural cell clusters, fibre tracts and neuropile are described and compared with the adult pattern. We found that most of the morphological features characterizing the adult nervous system are already present in the zoea-1. Nevertheless, there are marked differences with respect to the arrangement of nerve cell bodies, organization of cerebral neuropile, and disposition of ganglia in the ventral nerve cord. It appears that complexity of the central nervous neuropile is selectively altered during postmetamorphotic development, probably reflecting adaptive changes of.sensory-motor integration in response to behavioural maturation. In contrast, during larval development there was httle change in the overall structural organization of the central nervous system despite some considerable growth. However, the transition from zoea-4 to megalopa brings about multiple fundamental changes in larval morphology and behavioural pattern. Since central nervous integration should properly adapt to the altered behavioural repertoire of the megalopa, it seems necessary to ask in which respect synaptic rearrangement might characterize development of the central nervous system.

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Section: Larval Versus Adult Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the morphology of the central nervous system in larval stages ofCarcinus maenas L. (Decapoda, Brachyura)

Harzsch

Dawirs

1993

Helgolander Meeresunters

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“…Analysis of WGA labeling in soma clusters revealed that the cell membrane of all neurons was intensely WGA + and that the cytoplasm of some neurons contained WGA + material with punctate distribution. WGA labeling of neuronal cell membranes provides a ready interpretation of the very high intensity of WGA labeling in neuropils, insofar as these are the compartments with the highest density of neuronal membranes (Sandeman and Luff, 1973).Cell body glia-Within the LC and MC of P. argus, putative glial cells were first identified based on methylene blue staining of semithin sections (Schmidt, 2007a). Because of their sparse but quite regular distribution within the LC and MC, these cells were readily identifiable by TEM and by labeling with anti-pH3 and anti-Gs/olf.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytoarchitecture and ultrastructure of neural stem cell niches and neurogenic complexes maintaining adult neurogenesis in the olfactory midbrain of spiny lobsters, Panulirus argus

Schmidt

Derby

2011

J of Comparative Neurology

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New interneurons are continuously generated in small proliferation zones within neuronal somata clusters in the olfactory deutocerebrum of adult decapod crustaceans. Each proliferation zone is connected to a clump of cells containing one neural stem cell (i.e., adult neuroblast), thus forming a "neurogenic complex." Here we provide a detailed analysis of the cytoarchitecture of neurogenic complexes in adult spiny lobsters, Panulirus argus, based on transmission electron microscopy and labeling with cell-type-selective markers. The clump of cells is composed of unique bipolar clump-forming cells that collectively completely envelop the adult neuroblast and are themselves ensheathed by a layer of processes of multipolar cell body glia. An arteriole is attached to the clump of cells, but dye perfusion experiments show that hemolymph has no access to the interior of the clump of cells. Thus, the clump of cells fulfills morphological criteria of a protective stem cell niche, with clump-forming cells constituting the adult neuroblast's microenvironment together with the cell body glia processes separating it from other tissue components. Bromodeoxyuridine pulse-chase experiments with short survival times suggest that adult neuroblasts are not quiescent but rather cycle actively during daytime. We propose a cell lineage model in which an asymmetrically dividing adult neuroblast repopulates the pool of neuronal progenitor cells in the associated proliferation zone. In conclusion, as in mammalian brains, adult neurogenesis in crustacean brains is fueled by neural stem cells that are maintained by stem cell niches that preserve elements of the embryonic microenvironment and contain glial and vascular elements. INDEXING TERMSproliferation; decapod crustacean; arthropod; brain; glia Neurogenesis persists throughout adulthood and leads to continuous production of new neurons in certain brain regions. Adult neurogenesis is well documented in brains of mammals and other vertebrates, including fish, amphibians, reptiles, and birds, but it is also a constitutive process in brains of many arthropods (Lindsey and Tropepe, 2006). In mammalian brains, adult neurogenesis predominantly produces new local interneurons of the olfactory bulb (periglomerular cells and granule cells) and the hippocampal dentate gyrus (granule cells; Kriegstein and Alvarez-Buylla, 2009). In brains of some insect species, adult neurogenesis generates new local interneurons (Kenyon cells) of the mushroom bodies (Cayre et al., 1994(Cayre et al., , 1996Gu et al., 1999;Dufour and Gadenne, 2006;Mashaly et al., 2008;Zhao et al., 2008;Ghosal et al., 2009 NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscript neuropils that in most insects receive projections neurons (PNs) from the antennal lobes and thus represent the second stage of the central olfactory pathway; moreover, they are centers for multisensory integration (Strausfeld et al., 2009). Throughout decapod crustaceans, adult neurogenesis leads to the formation of new local intern...

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Section: Chemosensory Systems In Decapod Crustaceansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1) (17). Axons from these olfactory cells project via the antennular nerve to the midbrain where they make synaptic contacts in the glomerular neuropile of the paired olfactory lobes (18,19).In addition to the aesthetasc sensilla of the antennules, a variety of other morphological types of chemosensory sensilla have been identified on the mouth parts, claws and walking legs of decapod crustaceans (20)(21)(22)(23). Functionally these other chemoreceptors are often considered to be comparable to the taste system of vertebrates (1,24).…”

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confidence: 99%

Chemoreceptors of Crustaceans: Similarities to Receptors for Neuroactive Substances in Internal Tissues

Carr¹,

Ache²,

Gleeson³

1987

Environmental Health Perspectives

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A description is given of crustacean chemosensory systems and the neurophysiological procedures used to study them. Their response properties and tuning characteristics are discussed. A review is then provided of specific crustacean chemoreceptors that are stimulated selectively by either purine nucleotides, taurine, glutamate, or glycine, all of which have neuroactive properties in internal tissues.Two distinctly different types of purinergic chemoreceptors occur on the antennules of the spiny lobster.P,-Iike chemoreceptors have a potency sequence of AMP > ADP > ATP > adenosine and show a strict structural requirement for the ribose phosphate moiety. P2-like chemoreceptors have a potency sequence of ATP > ADP > AMP or adenosine and show a broad sensitivity to nucleotide triphosphates with modifications in both the purine and ribose phosphate moieties. Sensilla containing the dendrites of chemosensory neurons also possess an ectonucleotidase(s) that inactivates excitatory nucleotides to yield adenosine which is subsequently internalized by a sensillar uptake system. Narrowly tuned taurinergic chemoreceptors are present on both the antennules and legs of lobsters. Although taurine itself is the most effective stimulant, the taurine analogs hypotaurine and ,B-alanine are also very excitatory. Structure-activity studies indicate these chemoreceptors have marked similarities to taurine-sensitive systems in internal tissues of vertebrates. By contrast, comparative studies of glutamatergic chemoreceptors on the legs of lobsters indicate response spectra different from those of the glutamate receptors in lobster neuromuscular junctions and the three classes of excitatory amino acid receptors identified internally in vertebrates. Crustacean chemoreceptors for glycine, ecdysteroids, and pyridine are also described. The hypothesis that receptors for internal neuroactive agents may have originally evolved as external chemoreceptors of primitive aquatic organisms is discussed. IntroductionThe chemical senses of many aquatic animals are extremely well developed. Waterborne chemicals influence facets of behavior as diverse as food finding (1,2), predator avoidance (3,4), mate recognition and mating (5,6), substrate selection and metamorphosis by larvae (7,8), homing by migratory species (9,10), and species recognition and social behavior (11,12). Chemoreception in aquatic animals has been reviewed recently (3,(13)(14)(15).Chemosensory studies have revealed that many of the external chemical agents stimulating behavioral and physiological responses in aquatic invertebrates are the very same substances that function internally in higher organisms as either transmitters or modulators. This paper will briefly describe crustacean chemosensory systems and the physiological procedures used to study them. A description will then be provided of specific crustacean chemoreceptors that are stimulated by sub- Chemosensory Systems in Decapod CrustaceansBecause of their large size and easily accessible chemosensory organs, certain decapod...

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The structural organization of glomerular neuropile in the olfactory and accessory lobes of an Australian freshwater crayfish, Cherax destructor

Cited by 126 publications

References 20 publications

On the morphology of the central nervous system in larval stages ofCarcinus maenas L. (Decapoda, Brachyura)

On the morphology of the central nervous system in larval stages ofCarcinus maenas L. (Decapoda, Brachyura)

Cytoarchitecture and ultrastructure of neural stem cell niches and neurogenic complexes maintaining adult neurogenesis in the olfactory midbrain of spiny lobsters, Panulirus argus

Chemoreceptors of Crustaceans: Similarities to Receptors for Neuroactive Substances in Internal Tissues

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