The strong and the hungry: bias in capture methods for mountain hares Lepus timidus

Bisi, Francesco; Newey, Scott; Nodari, Mosé; Wauters, Lucas A.; Harrison, Annabel; Thirgood, Simon; Martinoli, Adriano

doi:10.2981/10-133

Cited by 27 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Third, a lower proportion of males trapped during years of low hare density could also be explained by sex-specific recruitment, dispersal, source-sink dynamics, or density dependence in sex-specific trappability. For example, female mountain hares (Lepus timidus) are more likely to be caught in long nets than males (Bisi et al 2011). However, in our study, constant recapture probability was supported over the sex-specific recapture probability.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 70%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Predation Risk Drives Habitat‐Specific Sex Ratio in a Monomorphic Species, the Brown Hare (Lepus europaeus)

Hušek¹,

Panek²,

Tryjanowski³

2015

Ethology

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In dimorphic species, sexual habitat segregation is generally explained by the differences in nutritional needs or by a trade‐off between fulfilling food requirements and avoiding predation. However, it remains unclear whether predation risk is strong enough to drive the differences in habitat use between sexes as predicted by the predation sensitivity hypothesis. Here we test in a monomorphic species, the brown hare (Lepus europaeus), the prediction that abundance of the gender more sensitive to predation is higher in safer habitat. We used data on 1645 individually marked hares in western Poland during autumn–winter seasons of 1966/1967–1978/1979 to estimate sex‐specific annual survival rates. We analyzed the stomach contents of 134 foxes shot in 1965/1966–1994/1995 to evaluate fox predation on hares. Finally, we employed data on 26 790 hares live‐trapped in 1965/1966–1994/1995 to analyze hare sex ratio across habitats. We found that male annual survival rate was lower than that of females and that the predation risk by foxes on hares was lower in agricultural than forest habitat. Our finding, that males were more often trapped by nets in agricultural than the forest habitat, provides indirect evidence for the predation sensitivity hypothesis. We conclude that predation risk can be a driving force for habitat‐specific sex ratio in a monomorphic species such as the brown hare.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 70%

“…For example, female mountain hares ( Lepus timidus ) are more likely to be caught in long nets than males (Bisi et al. ). However, in our study, constant recapture probability was supported over the sex‐specific recapture probability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predation Risk Drives Habitat‐Specific Sex Ratio in a Monomorphic Species, the Brown Hare (Lepus europaeus)

Hušek¹,

Panek²,

Tryjanowski³

2015

Ethology

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“…Size can also play an important role in the likelihood of successful capture because a bear's size affects how it interacts with the trap. Size biases have been observed with other trapping methods and species (Finstad and Berg , Willson et al , Bisi et al ).…”

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confidence: 85%

Utility of the bucket cable trap to capture American black bears

Pfander

Fairbanks

2018

Wildl. Soc. Bull.

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Most American black bear (Ursus americanus) population studies involving live capture have used foot-hold restraints or barrel and culvert traps, but new capture methods, including the bucket cable trap, are increasingly being used by wildlife management agencies and researchers. Although the bucket cable trap has been used to capture black bears and grizzly bears (U. arctos) in the United States and Canada, quantitative assessments of its capture efficiency, injury rates, and capture biases are lacking. We addressed this gap in knowledge using a camera-trap-based study of bucket-cable-trap capture methodology. Between 12 May and 12 August 2015, we placed remotely triggered cameras at active bucket-trap sites throughout southeastern Oklahoma, USA. During 1,285 camera-trap-nights, we recorded 711 black bear visitation events and 106 successful captures. Of the 402 visitation events in which the trap was active, 26.3% resulted in a successful capture. Incidental captures were limited to northern raccoons (Procyon lotor). Sex, previous capture, and mass characteristics appeared to affect the capture process, indicating that it is important to keep capture heterogeneity in mind when characterizing population demographics and calculating abundance using this capture method. Ó 2018 The Wildlife Society.KEY WORDS American black bear, bucket cable trap, capture heterogeneity, capture success, Oklahoma, Ursus americanus.

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“…In contrast to the study by Osofsky et al (1996) where all leopard samples originated from legal hunting, a large percentage of the animals in the current study were animals caught in baited cage traps. It is possible that baited traps selected for animals in lower body condition (Bisi et al, 2011), since these animals are most likely immune compromised and can thus benefit more through engaging in riskier behaviour in order to benefit from food incentives.…”

Section: Prevalence Of Fiv In Leopardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Diversity of the Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV): A Leopard Perspective

Kerr

Matthee

et al. 2017

African Journal of Wildlife Research

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To obtain more insights into the prevalence and diversity of species-specific Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) strains in naturally occurring felid species, 26 leopards (Panthera pardus) from the Kruger National Park (KNP), South Africa, were sampled. Prevalence was determined using a PCR protocol designed to target a 577 bp fragment in the pol-RT gene. Overall prevalence of FIV Ppa was estimated at 73%, with no difference in prevalence between male and female leopards. Consistent with previous FIV studies on other felid species, prevalence appears to increase with age (adult = 84%; subadult = 43%). Phylogenetic analyses of these novel sequences were conducted against a revised FIV pol-RT species-specific reference dataset using both Bayesian and maximum likelihood methods. Within FIV Ppa two distinct evolutionary groupings are present, which suggests the possibility of geographic variation within FIV Ppa and the possibility of distinct subtypes, similar to what has been found in lions (Panthera leo) and domestic cats (Felis catus). The larger FIV Ppa dataset provides new insights into the epidemiology of this under-studied FIV strain and with such high prevalence rates, further studies should focus on immunological and clinical consequences of FIV in wild felids.Key words: FIV diversity, FIV reference dataset, geographic variation, Kruger National Park, Panthera pardus, FIV pol-RT. INTRODUCTIONLentiviruses (Retroviridae) such as the well-known Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) are not unique to humans and have been isolated from a number of mammalian taxa (Miller, Cairns, Bridges & Sarver, 2000). For example, two well-studied lentiviruses in animals include the primate associated Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) and the feline associated Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV). HIV in humans represents a recent cross-species transmission of SIV from non-human primates, and apart from SIV, FIV represents the only other well-studied natural animal model to explain the evolution of Immunodeficiency Viruses in mammals. In fact, HIV, SIV and FIV are structurally, genomically and seemingly pathogenically similar (Pedersen, Yamamoto, Ishida & Hansen, 1989;Bendinelli et al., 1995;Miller et al., 2000;O'Brien, Troyer, Roelke, Marker & Pecon-Slattery, 2006). FIV (previously feline T-lymphotropic lentivirus) was first described in the domestic cat (Felis catus) nearly 30 years ago and has since been detected in several nondomestic felids Brown, Miththapala & O'Brien, 1993;Troyer et al., 2005 , African lion (Panthera leo -FIV Ple ) Troyer et al., 2005), puma (Puma concolor -FIV Pco ) , Pallas cat (Otocolobus manul -FIV Oma ) (Troyer et al., 2005;, bobcat (Lynx rufus -FIV Lru ) , cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus -FIV Aju ) (Troyer et al., 2005), leopard (Panthera pardus -FIV Ppa ) Troyer et al., 2005) et al., 2012). In some instances, these subtypes are also geographically confined (Troyer et al., 2005;. Leopards are the largest of the spotted felids found in Africa (Skinner & Chimimba, 2005) and have a distribution that exte...

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The strong and the hungry: bias in capture methods for mountain hares Lepus timidus

Cited by 27 publications

References 25 publications

Predation Risk Drives Habitat‐Specific Sex Ratio in a Monomorphic Species, the Brown Hare (Lepus europaeus)

Predation Risk Drives Habitat‐Specific Sex Ratio in a Monomorphic Species, the Brown Hare (Lepus europaeus)

Utility of the bucket cable trap to capture American black bears

Evaluating the Diversity of the Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV): A Leopard Perspective

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