The stromal‐vascular fraction of adipose tissue contributes to major differences between subcutaneous and visceral fat depots

Abstract

This article was originally published in Proteomics 2010, 10, 3356–3366, DOI 10.1002/pmic.201000350

A Nontargeted Proteomic Study of the Influence of Androgen Excess on Human Visceral and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Proteomes

“…We confirmed at the proteomic level depot-specific abundances of ALDH1A1, suggesting that distinct production of retinoic acid contribute to differences in the capacity for differentiation of VAT and SAT preadipocytes (34). In agreement with our present results, the increased abundance of ALDH1 in VAT appears to be a characteristic of obese subjects (14,30,31), whereas studies using VAT and SAT stromovascular fraction from lean subjects showed discrepant results (30). On the contrary, the abundance of PLIN1, a protein that restricts the access of cytosolic lipases to lipid droplets by coating them (35), was reduced in VAT compared with SAT, a finding possibly related to the higher lipolytic activity of the former (36).…”

“…Human SBP1 belongs to a group of proteins that may be involved in the sensing of reactive xenobiotics in the cytoplasm (29). The higher abundance of SBP1 in VAT compared with SAT had been reported previously in obese and in nonobese subjects (30,31). Considering that exogenous androgens down-regulate SBP1 expression in LNCaP human prostate cancer line (32), we may speculate that androgens were involved in the reduced SAT expression of SBP1 found in women with PCOS.…”

Proteomic Profiling of Adipose Tissue from Zmpste24−/− Mice, a Model of Lipodystrophy and Premature Aging, Reveals Major Changes in Mitochondrial Function and Vimentin Processing

“…Samples were processed following a specific protocol previously optimized by us for adipose tissue (9). Thus, fat samples were thawed by adding 0.4 ml of cold urea/thiourea buffer (7 M urea, 2 M thiourea, 4% 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]propanesulfonate, 45 mM Tris pH 7.4, 60 mM dithiotreitol, and complete protease inhibitors (1 tablet/20 ml, Roche, Barcelona, Spain)) supplemented with 0.1 mM NaCl, mechanically disrupted and briefly sonicated.…”

“…Thus, proteome studies have been conducted on adipose tissue biopsies from different fat depots (i.e. visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue) (8) as well as on the two fractions comprising adipose tissue, mature adipocytes and the stromal vascular fraction (9). Isolation of the separate cellular components of the latter fraction has also enabled to establish the proteome of adipose-derived adult stem cells and adipogenesis (10 -12).…”

A Protein Profile of Visceral Adipose Tissues Linked to Early Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

“…Fat tissues were minced with scissors into small pieces, collected in test tubes, transferred to FastPrep tubes containing mini beads, and homogenized in 0.1 M Tris-HCl (pH 7.6) by a FastPrep beater (Bio101Savant, Carlsbad, CA) until there were no tissue pieces. The lysate was transferred to a new tube and centrifuged at 14,000g for 15 min at 4°C, and the rest (the floating mature adipocytes and the stromal vascular fraction cell pellet) except the lipid portion on the top was carefully recovered (27,28). Removal of the lipid layer was very important, as it interferes with protein solubilization and the subsequent separation of proteins from lipid (29,30).…”