The Streptococci of Lancefield's Group E; Biochemical and Serological Identification of the Haemolytic Strains

Moreira-Jacob, M.

doi:10.1099/00221287-14-2-268

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…with whole cells of the Newsom strain. The latter contains the E group antigen but not the type I antigen (14). After adsorption the antiserum did not react with our E antigen.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

Chemical Structure and Immunological Specificity of the Streptococcal Group E Cell Wall Polysaccharide Antigen

Soprey

Slade

1971

Infect Immun

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The streptococcal group E cell wall polysaccharide antigen was extracted from strain K129 cells with hot trichloroacetic acid and purified. It contained rhamnose and glucose in a 2:1 molar ratio, 2% protein, 1 % phosphorus, and was free of muramic acid and glycerol. No type polysaccharide antigen was present. The reaction of specific group E rabbit antiserum with the polysaccharide was effectively inhibited by D-glucose and f-glucosides such as 1-methyl-f-D-glucose, cellobiose, and gentiobiose. The 1-methyl-aD glucose was one-half as effective as the beta isomer. L-Rhamnose and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine were ineffective. Partial acid hydrolysis of the antigen followed by chromatographic separation of the oligosaccharides resulted in the isolation and analysis of five fractions. These fractions were di-, tri-, and tetrasaccharides. A study of these fractions by chemical analysis, reduction with borohydride, inhibition of the antigen-antibody reaction, release of glucose by f3-glucosidase, and other evidence indicate that 3-D-glucose is the immunodominant sugar in the antigen. A glucose-rhamnose trisaccharide (1:2 molar ratio) was the most effective inhibitor of the precipitin reaction; the glucose was readily released by f3-glucosidase, and one-half of the rhamnose was reduced with borohydride. This trisaccharide is considered to be a repeating unit in the native polysaccharide and probably has the following structure: 0-03-D-glucosyl-(1-2)-O-a-L-rhamnosyl-(1-4)-L-rhamnose. A glucose-rhamnose disaccharide in which the hexose and pentose are linked as in the trisaccharide was an effective inhibitor of the precipitin reaction. Strain K129 cells do not appear to contain a type polysaccharide antigen.

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“…with whole cells of the Newsom strain. The latter contains the E group antigen but not the type I antigen (14). After adsorption the antiserum did not react with our E antigen.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

Chemical Structure and Immunological Specificity of the Streptococcal Group E Cell Wall Polysaccharide Antigen

Soprey

Slade

1971

Infect Immun

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“…The identity of the I, II, III, and IV antigens (24,29,43) of the group E streptococcus remains to be elucidated. Our experiments show that hot saline extracts of type I (strain K129), II (K131), and IV (Newson) cells did not give cross-reactions against anti-MT703 e-specific serum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inhibition of the quantitative precipitin test was measured by the addition of 2 mol of inhibitor dissolved in 10 ML1 of saline to 10 M1 of fourfold diluted anti-MT703 serum and incubated at 37 C for 1 h. Two micrograms of purified type e antigen was then added to the mixture and further incubated at 37 C for 1 h and 4 C for 24 h. The protein content of the precipitate was determined as described above.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purification and immunochemical characterization of type e polysaccharide antigen of Streptococcus mutans

Hamada¹,

Slade²

1976

Infect Immun

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The type-specific antigen of Streptococcus mutans strain MT703, serotype e, has been chromatographically purified and characterized. Two chromatographic fractions were obtained from saline extracts which reacted with both anti-MT703 whole-cell serum and Lancefield group E serum. The major fraction (eI) was identified as a polysaccharide composed of 37% glucose, 56% rhamnose, 5% protein, and 0.3% phosphorus, whereas the minor fraction (eII) contained 66% protein in addition to 10% glucose and 17% rhamnose. The immunological specificity of these antigens was found to be the same by immunodiffusion in agar gel. Another fraction with a negative charge (eIII) reacted with polyglycerophosphate antisera from Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus pyogenes. For comparison, the MT703 antigen in a hot trichloroacetic acid extract (eA) and the group E antigen from a saline extract of cells of strain K129 (EI) were similarly purified by anionic ion-exchange chromatography. Although the ratio of glucose and rhamnose in eA was 1:0.9 and in eI and eII approximately 1:1.5, reactions of identity were obtained in gel diffusion against specific anti-e serum. This difference in ratio is probably a result of the extraction procedures. Both the type e and group E antisera were reactive with both eI and EI antigens. The adsorption of group E antiserum with MT703 cells removed all E antibody, whereas type e-specific antibody remained after adsorption with K129 cells. These results suggest that eI antigen possesses both e and E specificities, whereas EI possesses E only. These findings were supported by the quantitative precipitin test and immunodiffusion and/or immunoelectrophoretic patterns in agar gel. Methyl-,-i->glucopyranoside markedly inhibited the precipitin reaction in both type e and group E sera. However, a significantly stronger inhibition by cellobiose of type e serum than of group E serum indicates that a ,-linked glucose-glucose dimer is the predominant antigenic determinant of the e specificity. The presence of both e and E specificities on a single polysaccharide molecule was demonstrated by the use of purified e antigen released from a specific e-anti-e complex. This antigen reacted with a group E-specific serum as well as a type e-specific serum. An examination of five S. mutans type e strains showed the presence of group E specificity also, whereas the I, II, and IV serotypes of group E streptococci only possessed the group E specificity. Strains of Streptococcus mutans, an agent that develops dental caries in animals and probably humans, have been subdivided into seven immunological types (2, 30). The antigens of types a (27), b (26), c (16, 42), d (13, 18) and f (8a) are located in the cell wall and are polysaccharides composed of rhamnose and glucose (type c and f), rhamnose and galactose (type b), and glucose and galactose (types a and d). S. mutans strains do not show any immunological cross-reaction with the streptococcal groups except group E (3, 30).Bratthall (3) considered that type e S. mutans possessed the ...

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“…818 (14). bProcured from Richard Shuman, the National Animal Disease Laboratory, Ames, Iowa [designated serotype III by Moreira-Jacob (13)].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Streptococcuts grouping antiserums were prepared as follows with SGE strains K-129 and C24A. (These strains, obtained from Dr. Lancefield, were reported to be serotype I (13) and were used in an effort to produce type 1 antiserum, but only grouping antibodies were recovered.) Todd-Hewitt broth cultures (18 hr) were centrifuged and the bacteria were dried with acetone.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Somatic Antigens of Streptococcus Group E

Payne¹,

Armstrong²

1970

Applied Microbiology

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Eleven Streptococcus group E strains, representing serotypes I, II, III, IV, V, and "untypable" isolates, were extracted by formamide, trichloroacetic acid, and hydrochloric acid under various conditions in an effort to determine the best method for recovering maximum amounts of group and type antigens. The group antigen was found to be relatively stable, and adequate amounts for identification purposes were recovered by a wide spectrum of conditions. Type-specific antigens were relatively labile, and were destroyed at low pH in acid hydrolysis or by prolonged heating in formamide hydrolysis. The best single procedure for recovering both type and group antigens from Streptococcus group E was formamide hydrolysis for 30 min at 180 C.

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The Streptococci of Lancefield's Group E; Biochemical and Serological Identification of the Haemolytic Strains

Cited by 15 publications

References 9 publications

Chemical Structure and Immunological Specificity of the Streptococcal Group E Cell Wall Polysaccharide Antigen

Chemical Structure and Immunological Specificity of the Streptococcal Group E Cell Wall Polysaccharide Antigen

Purification and immunochemical characterization of type e polysaccharide antigen of Streptococcus mutans

Somatic Antigens of Streptococcus Group E

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