The strength of a calcified tissue depends in part on the molecular structure and organization of its constituent mineral crystals in their organic matrix

Landis, William J.

doi:10.1016/8756-3282(95)00076-p

Cited by 454 publications

(306 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Mineralized biological materials, such as shells, bone, and teeth, have been attracting a great deal of attention during the last several decades [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15], specifically, in more recent years [1][2][3][4][5][6], due to their unique microstructures and superior mechanical properties. The limnetic shell is a typical example of such biomaterial; it consists of nacreous and prismatic structures which display unique hierarchical features.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hierarchical structure observation and nanoindentation size effect characterization for a limnetic shell

Song

Fan

et al. 2015

Acta Mech Sin

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In the present research, hierarchical structure observation and mechanical property characterization for a type of biomaterial are carried out. The investigated biomaterial is Hyriopsis cumingii, a typical limnetic shell, which consists of two different structural layers, a prismatic "pillar" structure and a nacreous "brick and mortar" structure. The prismatic layer looks like a "pillar forest" with variationsection pillars sized on the order of several tens of microns. The nacreous material looks like a "brick wall" with bricks sized on the order of several microns. Both pillars and bricks are composed of nanoparticles. The mechanical properties of the hierarchical biomaterial are measured by using the nanoindentation test. Hardness and modulus are measured for both the nacre layer and the prismatic layer, respectively. The nanoindentation size effects for the hierarchical structural materials are investigated experimentally. The results show that the prismatic nanostructured material has a higher stiffness and hardness than the nacre nanostructured material. In addition, the nanoindentation size effects for the hierarchical structural materials are described theoretically, by using the trans-scale mechanics theory considering both strain gradient effect and the surface/interface effect. The modeling results are consistent with experimental ones.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hierarchical structure observation and nanoindentation size effect characterization for a limnetic shell

Song

Fan

et al. 2015

Acta Mech Sin

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“…Each collagen fibre is really a bundle of micro-fibrils of about 0.5 m diameter each [9]. Each micro-fibril consists of lamellae of triple helix collagen molecules, with gaps in-plane between these lamellae in which hydroaxyapatite crystals of about 50 x 25 x 2 nm are embedded [12][13][14]. Cortical bone contains about 60% hydroxyapatite, 16% collagen fibres, 23% water and 2% ground substance [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural hierarchy of biomimetic materials for tissue engineered vascular and orthopedic grafts

et al. 2007

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Gelatine gels and gelatine/elastin gels have been prepared to be used in tissue engineered vascular grafts. Optical microscopy and AFM revealed that the gelatine formed nanofibrils as in soft collagen tissues. The gelatine/elastin gels were nanocomposites with flat elastin nanodomains embedded in the gelatine matrix mimicking the structure of the tunica media in arteries. Gelatine/"hydroxyapatite" nanocomposites were prepared with the in situ production of "hydroxyapatite" in solution. AFM revealed "hydroxyapatite" solid nanoparticles of about 20 nm size embedded in the gelatine matrix which formed a hierarchical structure similar to that of the collagen matrix in bone. The application of a magnetic field of 9.4 T resulted in the elongation and orientation of gelatine particles and orientation of gelatine microfibrils in a direction perpendicular to that of the magnetic field.3

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“…Fig. 4(b) are of similar dimensions as the HA particles in the natural bone [10][11][12]. Every 200-300 nm along the flat nanofibril bundles, there are gaps, which have also been detected in the collagen of natural bone [5].…”

Section: Micro-and Nano-structure Of "Ha"/gelatine Gels and Foamsmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…Type I collagen molecules form D-periodic cross-striated fibrils with an axial periodicity D = 67 nm, providing the biomechanical scaffold for cell attachment and anchorage of other macromolecules [8,9]. In small gaps between these lamellae of collagen nanofibrils are embedded hydroxyapatite (HA) crystals of about 50x25x2 nm [10][11][12]. Cortical bone contains about 60% HA, 16% collagen, 23% water and 2% ground substance [5].…”

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confidence: 99%

Gelatine-Hydroxyapatite Nano-composites for Orthopaedic Applications

Vidyarthi¹,

Zhdan²,

Gravanis³

et al. 2008

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract-This study focuses on the preparation and testing of hydroxyapatite-gelatine nanocomposite gels via a sol-gel route and in situ formation of hydroxyapatite (HA) type salts. Four types of gels and foams were prepared with Ca/P molar ratio of 0.43 and 0.86 and hydroxyapatite/gelatine weight ratio of 0.50 and 0.70. Crosslinking of gelatine chains was carried out in 1% glutaraldehyde and dynamic mechanical torsion tests were used to measure the viscoelastic properties of the gels and foams, optimize the crosslinking time and assess their mechanical performance. Optical and atomic force microscopy were used to investigate the micro-and nano-structure of the produced composites: in these studies, it was confirmed that the gels were nanocomposites with a nano-structure very similar to that of bone and several similarities in the microstructural features. The best foams incorporated dual pore size distribution.

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The strength of a calcified tissue depends in part on the molecular structure and organization of its constituent mineral crystals in their organic matrix

Cited by 454 publications

References 38 publications

Hierarchical structure observation and nanoindentation size effect characterization for a limnetic shell

Hierarchical structure observation and nanoindentation size effect characterization for a limnetic shell

Structural hierarchy of biomimetic materials for tissue engineered vascular and orthopedic grafts

Gelatine-Hydroxyapatite Nano-composites for Orthopaedic Applications

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