The stratigraphy of the Gault of East Anglia

Gallois, R.W.; Morter, A.A.

doi:10.1016/s0016-7878(82)80021-7

Cited by 38 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In southern England relatively rapid sedimentation and burial of organic matter has meant that all the sediments underwent anoxic diagenesis with the loss of any ferric hydroxide present. Only occasionally in East Anglia (Gallois and Morter 1982 record instances in the Gault) is there hematite pigment suggesting that locally there was insufficient organic matter in the sediments to carry them over into the anoxic zone of diagenesis. This general lack of evidence of the oxic and suboxic zones of diagenesis does not mean that the sediments did not pass through these zones.…”

Section: Concluding Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the Red Chalk, iron is largely restricted to the red hematitic pigment where it may reach values of up to 13 wt % of "free iron oxide" in the total rock (Jeans 1973(Jeans , 1980: glauconite is largely absent; iron sulfides are absent except where they have developed in late diagenetic sulfidization zones: and the iron content of the calcite from the shells that lived in the Red Chalk Sea is low (<5 to 250 ppm). In the Gault Clay red hematite pigment is absent other than at a few levels in East Anglia (Gallois and Morter 1982), while iron sulfides are widespread. Glauconite may be abundant at certain levels.…”

Section: Origin Of the Red Pigmentmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The Red Chalk Formation (0.5 to 16 metres) represents deposition in Eastern England. Southwards from Hunstanton it passes laterally into the much thicker sequence (up to ~ 155 m; Gallois and Morter 1982, fig.4) of grey marine clays and silty clays of the Gault Clay Formation. The upper stratigraphical part of the Gault passes laterally and westwards into the Upper Greensand Formation-a series of marine sands, glauconitic sands, and clayey sands which may be spiculiferous containing α-quartz and opal-CT silicifications (Jeans 1978).…”

Section: Origin Of the Red Pigmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Sulfur isotope patterns of iron sulfide and barite nodules in the Upper Cretaceous Chalk of England and their regional significance in the origin of coloured chalks

Jeans

Turchyn

2016

Acta Geologica Polonica

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

:Jeans, C.V, Turchyn, A.V. and X-F. Hu 2016. Sulfur isotope patterns of iron sulfide and barite nodules in the Upper Cretaceous Chalk of England and their regional significance in the origin of coloured chalks. Acta Geologica Polonica, 66 (2), 227-256. Warszawa.The relationship between the development of iron sulfide and barite nodules in the Cenomanian Chalk of England and the presence of a red hematitic pigment has been investigated using sulfur isotopes. In southern England where red and pink chalks are absent, iron sulfide nodules are widespread. Two typical large iron sulfide nodules exhibit δ 34 S ranging from -48.6‰ at their core to -32.6‰ at their outer margins. In eastern England, where red and pink chalks occur in three main bands, there is an antipathetic relationship between the coloured chalks and the occurrence of iron sulfide or barite nodules. Here iron sulfide, or its oxidised remnants, are restricted to two situations: (1) in association with hard grounds that developed originally in chalks that contained the hematite pigment or its postulated precursor FeOH 3 , or (2) in regional sulfidization zones that cut across the stratigraphy. In the Cenomanian Chalk exposed in the cliffs at Speeton, Yorkshire, pyrite and marcasite (both iron sulfide) nodules range in δ 34 S from -34.7‰ to +40.0‰. In the lower part of the section δ 34 S vary from -34.8‰ to +7.8‰, a single barite nodule has δ 34 S between +26.9‰ and +29.9‰. In the middle part of the section δ 34 S ranges from +23.8‰ to +40.0‰. In the sulfidization zones that cut across the Cenomanian Chalk of Lincolnshire the iron sulfide nodules are typically heavily weathered but these may contain patches of unoxidised pyrite. In these zones, δ 34 S ranges from -32.9‰ to +7.9‰. The cross-cutting zones of sulfidization in eastern England are linked to three basement faults -the Flamborough Head Fault Zone, the Caistor Fault and the postulated Wash Line of Jeans (1980) -that have affected the deposition of the Chalk. It is argued that these faults have been both the conduits by which allochthonous fluids -rich in hydrogen sulfide/sulfate, hydrocarbons and possibly charged with sulfate-reducing bacteria -have penetrated the Cenomanian Chalk as the result of movement during the Late Cretaceous or Cenozoic. These invasive fluids are associated with (1) the reduction of the red hematite pigment or its praecursor, (2) the subsequent development of both iron sulfides and barite, and (3) the loss of overpressure in the Cenomanian Chalk and its late diagenetic hardening by anoxic cementation. Evidence is reviewed for the origin of the red hematite pigment of the coloured chalks and for the iron involved in the development of iron sulfides, a hydrothermal or volcanogenic origin is favoured.

show abstract

Section: Concluding Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Origin Of the Red Pigmentmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Origin Of the Red Pigmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Sulfur isotope patterns of iron sulfide and barite nodules in the Upper Cretaceous Chalk of England and their regional significance in the origin of coloured chalks

Jeans

Turchyn

2016

Acta Geologica Polonica

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…J) that is found in the assemblage at 7.17 m in the borehole (briacensis Subzone) finds its closest parallel in England in a specimen of the gryphaeoides morphotype (Morter and Wood 1983, pl. 2, fig. 3) from the higher part of the rostratum Subzone (Bed 18 of Gallois and Morter 1982) in East Anglia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Aucellina biostratigraphy of the Upper Albian (Early Cretaceous) of the Kirchrode I cored borehole, Hannover-Kirchrode, northern Germany

Wood¹

2016

Acta Geologica Polonica

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Aucellina biostratigraphy of the Upper Albian Kirchrode Marls Member succession in the Kirchrode I (1/91) cored borehole is described and the fauna illustrated. The borehole commenced at an unknown depth below the Early Cenomanian marls of the Bemerode Member, but higher beds of the Kirchrode Marls and the basal beds of the Bemerode Member were exposed in the Mittellandkanal and its Stichkanal extension at Misburg. The borehole and surface exposures permit a virtually complete Late Albian succession of Aucellina species to be observed. Published Aucellina range data from the borehole are reassessed and it is suggested that the lower part of the recorded range is based partly on misidentifications of fragments of thin-shelled bivalves such as Syncyclonema and Amussium. Aucellina appears in the borehole succession within the upper part of the Callihoplites auritus ammonite Subzone (Mortoniceras inflatum Zone) and continues to the top of the borehole succession within the Preaeschloenbachia briacensis ammonite Subzone (Stoliczkaia spp. Zone). Aucellina from higher in the briacensis Subzone collected from the Misburg Mittellandkanal section are also discussed and illustrated. There is some evidence that Aucellina occurs typically at levels in the borehole containing predominantly Boreal European Province ammonites, supporting the general inference that Aucellina lived in cooler northern waters. In contrast, Aucellina is poorly represented in intervals with Tethyan ammonites and thin-shelled inoceramids (e.g. the Mortoniceras (Durnovarites) perinflatum Subzone, Stoliczkaia spp. Zone). The briacensis Subzone, with an admixture of Tethyan (Stoliczkaia) and Boreal ammonites contains a distinctive, taxonomically highly diverse Aucellina assemblage. Relevant taxonomic research on European Late Albian and Early Cenomanian Aucellina faunas is reviewed. The Late Albian Aucellina succession in the borehole differs from that established from partially correlative successions in England.

show abstract

“…À noter enfin qu'une réhabilitation du Vraconnien de RENEVIER (1868) comme étage à part entière entre l'Albien sensu stricto et le Céno-manien a été proposée par AMÉDRO (2002 zone haute Londres-Brabant, "there is some regional segregation of the ammonites, and 'Tethyan' forms such as Lyelliceras and Mojsisovicsia are likely to be rare or absent" (GALLOIS & MORTER, 1982). Ce gradient décroissant du Sud vers le Nord dans la proportion des formes cosmopolites milite en faveur d'une connexion unique entre le bassin anglo-parisien et le domaine téthysien.…”

Section: Le Choix Du Département De L'aube Comme Région-type De L'étaunclassified

L'étage Albien dans sa région-type, l'Aube (France) : une synthèse dans un contexte sédimentaire global

Amédro¹,

Matrion²

2014

Carnets Geol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Résumé : Le département de l'Aube est la région-type de l'étage Albien créé par d'ORBIGNY (1842). Deux formations sont reconnues dans les faciès argileux ou "Gault" auct. du stratotype : les Argiles té-gulines de Courcelles (82 m) surmontées des Marnes de Brienne (43 m). La limite entre les deux formations est définie au sommet d'un niveau induré (hardground L'Étape) aisément identifiable à la fois sur le terrain et en sondages. La région-type de l'étage Albien est particulièrement intéressante en raison de l'épaisseur exceptionnelle des faciès argileux (plus de 120 m), une situation unique dans le bassin anglo-parisien. Aujourd'hui, 82 % de la succession lithologique sont connus précisément grâce à 16 affleurements. Dans deux intervalles épais respectivement de 33 m et 28,50 m, une suite lithologique composite continue est construite à l'aide de coupes qui se suivent et se relaient, corrélées l'une à l'autre sur le terrain à l'aide de niveaux repères. Six faciès successifs sont décrits : dans les Argiles té-gulines de Courcelles et du bas vers le haut : 1 -lit de nodules gréso-phosphatés ; 2 -argiles silteuses ; 3 -argiles et bancs calcaires ; dans les Marnes de Brienne : 4 -marnes argileuses ; 5 -gaize ; 6 -marnes argileuses. À une échelle plus fine, une rythmicité est démontrée dans la sédimentation. Elle se traduit dans les Argiles tégulines de Courcelles par des cycles pluri-décimétriques débutant par des niveaux silteux et limités au sommet par des surfaces perforées. Dans les Marnes de Brienne, les cycles, métriques (sauf dans la gaize où ils sont décimétriques), montrent des alternances de marne argileuse gris foncé et de marne gris pâle annonçant les craies rythmées du Cénomanien. Ces couplets correspondent probablement à des cycles de précession des équinoxes (20 ka). Treize événements à caractère lithologique (lits de nodules phosphatés, fonds durcis, niveaux riches en sable quartzeux et glauconie) et écologiques (horizons caractérisés par l'abondance momentanée d'un certain nombre de fossiles) sont identifiés dans la suite stratigraphique. Ces niveaux repères sont très utiles pour des corrélations précises à travers le bassin. Une comparaison est proposée entre les faciès sableux de l'Yonne et les faciès argileux de l'Aube. La continuité de plusieurs lits de nodules phosphatés est démontrée depuis l'Yonne au sud-ouest jusqu'à l'Aube et le Perthois au nord-est, sur une distance supérieure à 130 km. Ces niveaux repères sont interprétés comme des surfaces d'inondation de cycles eustatiques de 3e ordre. Enfin, une étude détaillée de la lithologie, complétée par une analyse des faunes d'ammonites et d'inocérames, est utilisée pour une interprétation séquentielle. Le résultat est l'identification de huit séquences eustatiques de 3e ordre dans la moitié supérieure des Argiles de Courcelles et les Marnes de Brienne, dont deux nouvelles séquences indexées AL 5a et AL 6a. Mots-clefs :Bassin anglo-parisien ; Aube ; Albien ; stratotype ; lithostratigraphie ; ammonites ; corrélations ; niveaux repères ; stratigra...

show abstract

The stratigraphy of the Gault of East Anglia

Cited by 38 publications

References 16 publications

Sulfur isotope patterns of iron sulfide and barite nodules in the Upper Cretaceous Chalk of England and their regional significance in the origin of coloured chalks

Sulfur isotope patterns of iron sulfide and barite nodules in the Upper Cretaceous Chalk of England and their regional significance in the origin of coloured chalks

The Aucellina biostratigraphy of the Upper Albian (Early Cretaceous) of the Kirchrode I cored borehole, Hannover-Kirchrode, northern Germany

L'étage Albien dans sa région-type, l'Aube (France) : une synthèse dans un contexte sédimentaire global

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About