The story behind the first few cases of monkeypox infection in non-endemic countries, 2022

Alah, Muna Abed; Abdeen, Sami; Tayar, Elias; Bougmiza, Iheb

doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2022.07.014

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…106 – 110 On the next day, the first cases were confirmed in both Switzerland 111 and Israel, 112 and the patient documented by the Israeli Ministry of Health is also the first case of monkeypox in Asia. 113 …”

Section: Epidemiology Of Monkeypoxmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[106][107][108][109][110] On the next day, the first cases were confirmed in both Switzerland 111 and Israel, 112 and the patient documented by the Israeli Ministry of Health is also the first case of monkeypox in Asia. 113 After May 2022, a large number of monkeypox patients were confirmed in non-endemic countries worldwide. This unusual outbreak promoting the WHO to declare monkeypox as an "evolving threat of moderate public health concern" on June 23.…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Monkeypoxmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Monkeypox: epidemiology, pathogenesis, treatment and prevention

Huang

Wang

2022

Sig Transduct Target Ther

137

120

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Monkeypox is a zoonotic disease that was once endemic in west and central Africa caused by monkeypox virus. However, cases recently have been confirmed in many nonendemic countries outside of Africa. WHO declared the ongoing monkeypox outbreak to be a public health emergency of international concern on July 23, 2022, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The rapidly increasing number of confirmed cases could pose a threat to the international community. Here, we review the epidemiology of monkeypox, monkeypox virus reservoirs, novel transmission patterns, mutations and mechanisms of viral infection, clinical characteristics, laboratory diagnosis and treatment measures. In addition, strategies for the prevention, such as vaccination of smallpox vaccine, is also included. Current epidemiological data indicate that high frequency of human-to-human transmission could lead to further outbreaks, especially among men who have sex with men. The development of antiviral drugs and vaccines against monkeypox virus is urgently needed, despite some therapeutic effects of currently used drugs in the clinic. We provide useful information to improve the understanding of monkeypox virus and give guidance for the government and relative agency to prevent and control the further spread of monkeypox virus.

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Section: Epidemiology Of Monkeypoxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Epidemiology Of Monkeypoxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monkeypox: epidemiology, pathogenesis, treatment and prevention

Huang

Wang

2022

Sig Transduct Target Ther

137

120

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“…In this report, the term “household” was used to describe this patient group, however, it did not give any further description, nor described the sexual orientation or source of infection. The following batch of affected four patients also detected in the UK were self-identified as MSM [ 43 ]. Later, the surge in case numbers was indeed linked to mass gatherings and social activities of the LGBT communities [ 24 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most studies reported in this review originated from Spain followed by the UK in the form of cross-sectional studies and case series indicating the large numbers of cases to be reported. This is probably due to the initial emergence of large numbers of cases from these two countries [ 43 ]. On the other hand, studies reported from Brazil, USA and Asia were mainly case reports.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with geographic variations in the 2022 monkeypox outbreak; A systematic review

Abu‐Hammad

Abu-Hammad

Jaber

et al. 2023

New Microbes and New Infections

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“…The Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) informed WHO of a few cases as of October 27, 2017, and patients in Abuja, Enugu, Bayelsa, and Akwa Ibom have since been confirmed [ 6 ]. On May 6, 2022, a British national who had recently returned from Nigeria, where the illness is endemic, showed symptoms of the illness, making this the first case of MPXV in the United Kingdom (UK) [ 11 ]. Beginning in May 2022, there has been the largest-ever outbreak of MPV in non-endemic nations.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monkeypox: Treatment, Vaccination, and Prevention

Shah¹,

Fulmali²

2023

Cureus

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In regions where the disease is endemic, Monkeypox (MPV) transmission related to healthcare has been seen on numerous occasions. This disease has episodes of occurrence in certain regions around the globe, such as in the Democratic Republic of Congo's (DRC) Tshuapa region. Here, the disease was found with a prevalence of 0.35 per 1000, as per data collected by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) of the United States (US). Data also shows approximately 100 confirmed cases of MPV for every infection among Healthcare Workers (HCWs). These findings and scientific research on burns, superficial wounds, herpes, eczema vaccine, and other conditions indicate that MPV sufferers might get an advantage from medical care to lessen the effects of weakened skin and mucosa. This should involve guarding delicate anatomical areas like the eyes and genitalia, maintaining enough hydration and nourishment, and preventing and treating consequences like secondary bacterial diseases. In the DRC, this disease was first recognized in 1970. Since then, it has spread to numerous nations around the globe and gained substantial epidemiological significance. The most recent epidemic has taken place in 2022 worldwide. The viruses that cause MPV and cowpox are currently regarded as emerging. Because of the rise in international travel, the popularity of exotic pets, and the decline in smallpox vaccination rates, they pose a significant danger of spreading. Although it is believed that this viral illness will eventually go away on its own, the possibility of the pandemic raises several serious problems for the general public's health. In addition to providing a broad overview of the Monkeypox Virus (MPXV), this study will detail the epidemiology, clinical hallmarks, assessment, and treatment of MPV sufferers.

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The story behind the first few cases of monkeypox infection in non-endemic countries, 2022

Cited by 17 publications

References 4 publications

Monkeypox: epidemiology, pathogenesis, treatment and prevention

Monkeypox: epidemiology, pathogenesis, treatment and prevention

Factors associated with geographic variations in the 2022 monkeypox outbreak; A systematic review

Monkeypox: Treatment, Vaccination, and Prevention

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