“…We found it was important to distinguish between the computer models and the associated visualization tools and other products that communicate the results of those models. While the risk communication literature argues for stakeholder participation in development of conceptual models about risk [e.g., Morgan et al, 2002], such participation is generally used to develop products that communicate the results of computer models rather than making changes to the models themselves [e.g., Lathrop et al, 2012;Roth et al, 2017; but see Jensen and Uddameri, 2009]. We found it necessary to clarify for stakeholders the distinction between the biogeophysics-based computer models that underlie the EESLR-NGOM project and the map-based visualization tool that enables users to explore results from the computer models.…”
Section: Sub-themementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Availability, usability, salience, and source credibility can all form barriers to information use in adaptation planning [Heiskanen et al, 2007;Moser and Ekstrom, 2010;Moser and Dilling, 2011]. During communication design, interaction among scientists, communicators, and audiences is crucial to help all parties understand content and format needs [Pidgeon and Fischhoff, 2011], as shown in previous examples of environmental risk communication projects that have incorporated user-centered design [e.g., Lathrop et al, 2012;Morrow et al, 2015;Roth et al, 2017].…”
Communicating about environmental risks requires understanding and addressing stakeholder needs, perspectives, and anticipated uses for communication products and decision-support tools. This paper demonstrates how long-term dialogue between scientists and stakeholders can be facilitated by repeated stakeholder focus groups. We describe a dialogic process for developing science-based decision-support tools as part of a larger sea level rise research project in the Gulf of Mexico. We demonstrate how focus groups can be used effectively in tool development, discuss how stakeholders plan to use tools for decision-making and broader public outreach, and describe features that stakeholders perceive would make products more usable.
“…We found it was important to distinguish between the computer models and the associated visualization tools and other products that communicate the results of those models. While the risk communication literature argues for stakeholder participation in development of conceptual models about risk [e.g., Morgan et al, 2002], such participation is generally used to develop products that communicate the results of computer models rather than making changes to the models themselves [e.g., Lathrop et al, 2012;Roth et al, 2017; but see Jensen and Uddameri, 2009]. We found it necessary to clarify for stakeholders the distinction between the biogeophysics-based computer models that underlie the EESLR-NGOM project and the map-based visualization tool that enables users to explore results from the computer models.…”
Section: Sub-themementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Availability, usability, salience, and source credibility can all form barriers to information use in adaptation planning [Heiskanen et al, 2007;Moser and Ekstrom, 2010;Moser and Dilling, 2011]. During communication design, interaction among scientists, communicators, and audiences is crucial to help all parties understand content and format needs [Pidgeon and Fischhoff, 2011], as shown in previous examples of environmental risk communication projects that have incorporated user-centered design [e.g., Lathrop et al, 2012;Morrow et al, 2015;Roth et al, 2017].…”
Communicating about environmental risks requires understanding and addressing stakeholder needs, perspectives, and anticipated uses for communication products and decision-support tools. This paper demonstrates how long-term dialogue between scientists and stakeholders can be facilitated by repeated stakeholder focus groups. We describe a dialogic process for developing science-based decision-support tools as part of a larger sea level rise research project in the Gulf of Mexico. We demonstrate how focus groups can be used effectively in tool development, discuss how stakeholders plan to use tools for decision-making and broader public outreach, and describe features that stakeholders perceive would make products more usable.
“…Lathrop et al [34] provided an example of a GIS tool which is much simpler. It is an interactive web-based map query tool which allows for municipalities and counties to see location and basic details about existing stormwater basins.…”
Section: "Where"-toolsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The exceptions are the tool that simply displays GIS-data [34] and the tool that reveals stakeholders' preferences [30] (assumed that these preferences are not affected by the options' hydraulic performance since the stakeholders were not informed of these). Table 3.…”
Section: Characterization Based On Aspects Of Water Valued By Stakehomentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The "How Much" category is further divided into tools that quantify different types of impacts: impacts related to hydraulics, i.e., the flow of water through pipes and across surfaces, impacts related to hydrology, i.e., the flow of water through the entire urban water cycle including groundwater and the atmosphere, impacts related to water quality, i.e., the pollution carried with water, impacts that are not directly linked to the flow of water (such as aesthetics and recreation), and economic impacts. Carbon footprint [29] Stakeholder preferences [30] Thorough ecosystem [31] Rapid ecosystem [32] X Flext (DayWater) [33] SWMPT [34] X BMP MCA [35] BMP DSM [36] Project choice [37] MCA/cost [38] X X SWITCH BMP DSS [39] SUDS potential [40] X X X X X SUSTAIN [41] UHRU [42] X X X LIDRA [43] STEPL [44] X X X X X MCA&CBA [45] X X X X Flood Risk CBA [46] X X X SUDSLOC [47] When going through our search results we focused more on water quantity issues than water quality, and hence tools that focus on water quality were omitted. For examples of tools with specific focus on water quality issues, see e.g., [12][13][14].…”
Section: Categorization Based On Questions Addressed By the Toolsmentioning
Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) poses new challenges for decision makers compared with traditional stormwater management, e.g., because WSUD offers a larger selection of measures and because many measures are multifunctional. These challenges have motivated the development of many decision support tools. This review shows that the tools differ in terms of the types of questions they can assist in answering. We identified three main groups: "How Much"-tools, "Where"-tools and "Which"-tools. The "How Much"-tools can further be grouped into tools quantifying hydraulic impacts, hydrologic impacts, water quality impacts, non-flow-related impacts and economic impacts. Additionally, the tools differ in terms of how many aspects of water they address, from those focused only on bio-physical aspects to those attempting to find the best WSUD based on multiple criteria. Finally, we suggest that variability among the tools can partly be explained by variability in local context including conditions such as type of existing stormwater systems, groundwater conditions and legislative frameworks.
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