The storage stability of Bacillus subtilis spore displaying cysteine protease of Clonorchis sinensis and its effect on improving the gut microbiota of mice

Tang, Zeli; Wu, Zhanshuai; Sun, Hengchang; Zhao, Lu; Shang, Mei; Shi, Mei; Jiang, Hongye; Lin, Zhipeng; Zhou, Xinyi; Li, Xuerong; Yu, Xinbing; Huang, Yan

doi:10.1007/s00253-021-11126-z

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Liver injuries and alterations of gut microbiota are associated with the infection of schistosomes and other pathogenic or non-pathogenic factors. These factors, such as S. japonicum ( 20 , 29 , 44 ), S. mansoni ( 19 , 21 , 22 ), Clonorchis sinensis ( 45 ), HBV ( 46 , 47 ), hepatitis C virus (HCV) ( 48 ), Tetrachloromethane (CCl4) ( 49 ) and alcohol ( 50 ), induce the dysbiosis of the gut microbiota of animals and humans and acute or chronic liver injuries such as advanced schistosomiasis, liver cirrhosis and liver cancer. Our study found significant differences in the gut microbiota of mice and humans infected with S. japonicum , and S. japonicum infection showed a decrease in gut microbial diversity of hosts and an increase in the relative abundance of the genera Bacteroides , Blautia and Lactobacillus .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Gut Microbiota Features for Non-Invasive Detection of Schistosomiasis

et al. 2022

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The gut microbiota has been identified as a predictive biomarker for various diseases. However, few studies focused on the diagnostic accuracy of gut microbiota derived-signature for predicting hepatic injuries in schistosomiasis. Here, we characterized the gut microbiomes from 94 human and mouse stool samples using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The diversity and composition of gut microbiomes in Schistosoma japonicum infection-induced disease changed significantly. Gut microbes, such as Bacteroides, Blautia, Enterococcus, Alloprevotella, Parabacteroides and Mucispirillum, showed a significant correlation with the level of hepatic granuloma, fibrosis, hydroxyproline, ALT or AST in S. japonicum infection-induced disease. We identified a range of gut bacterial features to distinguish schistosomiasis from hepatic injuries using the random forest classifier model, LEfSe and STAMP analysis. Significant features Bacteroides, Blautia, and Enterococcus and their combinations have a robust predictive accuracy (AUC: from 0.8182 to 0.9639) for detecting liver injuries induced by S. japonicum infection in humans and mice. Our study revealed associations between gut microbiota features and physiopathology and serological shifts of schistosomiasis and provided preliminary evidence for novel gut microbiota-derived features for the non-invasive detection of schistosomiasis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Gut Microbiota Features for Non-Invasive Detection of Schistosomiasis

et al. 2022

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“…B. subtilis 168 and B. subtilis RB were fermented and sporulated using DSM, and the number of spores was adjusted to immunize mice according to the immunization program in Table 1 . The nutrition of the mouse diet fully meets the growing needs of the mice, and the number of spores added referred to Tang and Dai ( 19 , 30 ). Each of the mice were fed 3-5 g per day.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Display of porcine circovirus type 2 antigen protein cap on the spores of bacillus subtilis 168: An effective mucosal vaccine candidate

Li²,

Dai³

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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The oral mucosal vaccine has great potential in preventing a series of diseases caused by porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) infection. This study constructed a recombinant Bacillus subtilis RB with PCV2 Capsid protein (Cap) on its spore surface and cotB as a fusion partner. The immune properties of the recombinant strain were evaluated in a mouse model. IgA in intestinal contents and IgG in serum were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results demonstrated that recombinant spores could activate strong specific mucosal and humoral immune responses. In addition, spores showed good mucosal immune adjuvant function, promoting the proliferation of CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and other immune cells. We also found that the relative expression of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1b, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-a and IFN in the small intestinal mucosa was significantly up-regulated under the stimulation of recombinant bacteriophage. These effects are important for the balance of Th1/Th2-like responses. In summary, our results suggest that recombinant B. subtilis RB as a feed additive provides a new strategy for the development of novel and safe PCV2 mucosal subunit vaccines.

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“…In particular, specific serum IgG and gut mucosal and/or biliary IgA were elevated in rodents immunized with B. subtilis spores expressing S. japonicum, C. sinensis and O. viverrini antigens-namely glutathione-Stransferase, a cysteine protease and an extracellular-vesicle-derived tetraspanin, respectively. [62][63][64] Remarkably, in the latter study, enhanced antibody responses in vaccinated hamsters were linked to a significant impairment in worm growth and a >50% reduction in both adult flukes and faecal egg outputs, compared to non-immunized animals. 64 Similarly, repeated oral immunization of sheep with B. subtilis spores expressing GADPH from H. contortus resulted in significant reductions in faecal egg counts post-challenge infection, as well as in the total number of adult worms recovered at post-mortem.…”

Section: Vaccination Against Gi Helminths Using Engineered Probioticsmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…sinensis and O . viverrini antigens—namely glutathione‐S‐transferase, a cysteine protease and an extracellular‐vesicle‐derived tetraspanin, respectively 62‐64 . Remarkably, in the latter study, enhanced antibody responses in vaccinated hamsters were linked to a significant impairment in worm growth and a >50% reduction in both adult flukes and faecal egg outputs, compared to non‐immunized animals 64 .…”

Section: Genetic Engineering and Synthetic Biology: Opportunities For...mentioning

confidence: 79%

“…One example is oral live vaccines, that consist of probiotic bacteria modified to enable the synthesis of heterologous antigens (e.g., 61 ). For instance, spores obtained from Bacillus subtilis strains have been engineered to display parasite antigens on their surface and used to stimulate specific immune responses against Schistosoma japonicum (in mice 62 ), Clonorchis sinensis (in mice 63 ), Opisthorchis viverrini (in hamsters 64 ) and H. contortus (in sheep 65 ). Once repeatedly ingested, engineered B. subtilis spores induced specific humoral responses against parasite antigens, both locally and systemically.…”

Section: Vaccination Against Gi Helminths Using Engineered Probioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gastrointestinal worms and bacteria: From association to intervention

Rooney

Cantacessi

Sotillo

et al. 2022

Parasite Immunology

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A plethora of studies, both experimental and epidemiological, have indicated the occurrence of associations between infections by gastrointestinal (GI) helminths and the composition and function of the host gut microbiota. Given the worldwide risk and spread of anthelmintic resistance, particularly for GI parasites of livestock, a better understanding of the mechanisms underpinning the relationships between GI helminths and the gut microbiome, and between the latter and host health, may assist the development of novel microbiome-targeting and other bacteria-based strategies for parasite control. In this article, we review current and prospective methods to manipulate the host gut microbiome, and/or to exploit the immune stimulatory and modulatory properties of gut bacteria (and their products) to counteract the negative impact of GI worm infections; we also discuss the potential applications of these intervention strategies in programmes aimed to aid the fight against helminth diseases of humans and livestock.

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The storage stability of Bacillus subtilis spore displaying cysteine protease of Clonorchis sinensis and its effect on improving the gut microbiota of mice

Cited by 7 publications

References 45 publications

Potential Gut Microbiota Features for Non-Invasive Detection of Schistosomiasis

Potential Gut Microbiota Features for Non-Invasive Detection of Schistosomiasis

Surface Display of porcine circovirus type 2 antigen protein cap on the spores of bacillus subtilis 168: An effective mucosal vaccine candidate

Gastrointestinal worms and bacteria: From association to intervention

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