The Status of the NOAA Outgoing Longwave Radiation Data Set

Gruber, Arnold; Krueger, Arthur F.

doi:10.1175/1520-0477(1984)065<0958:tsotno>2.0.co;2

Cited by 359 publications

(248 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In addition, the following observational data sets have been used: daily OLR (Outgoing Longwave Radiation) measured from Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer onboard National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration polar orbiting spacecraft (Gruber and Kruger 1984) available from http://www.cdc.noaa.gov/ of Climate Diagnostics Center, Boulder at a resolution of 2.5°92.5°r esolution; daily circulation data from National Center for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) Reanalysis (see Kalnay et al 1996, available from http://www.cdc.noaa.gov/); daily 1°91°gridded precipitation data from Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP; Huffman et al 2001; http://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/gpcp/1dd-v1.1); daily temperature, wind and specific humidity data set from Joseph et al (2009). Breaks (actives) are identified when the standardized OLR anomaly averaged over the Central Indian (CI) region (73°-82°E; 18°-28°N) is more (less) than 0.9 (-0.9) for consecutive 4 days and the average standardized anomaly over the region during the period exceeds (goes below) 1.0 (-1.0).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absorbing aerosols facilitate transition of Indian monsoon breaks to active spells

et al. 2010

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While some long breaks of monsoon intraseasonal oscillations (MISOs) are followed by active spells (BFA), some others are not (BNFA). The circulation during BFA (BNFA) cases helps (prevents) accumulation of absorbing aerosols over central India (CI) resulting in almost three times larger Aerosol Index (AI) over CI, during BFA cases compared to BNFA cases. A seminal role played by the absorbing aerosols in the transition from break to active spells is unraveled through modification of the north-south temperature gradient at lower levels. The meridional gradient of temperature at low level (DT) between aerosol-rich CI and pristine equatorial Indian Ocean is large ([6°C) and sustains for long time ([10 days) during BFA leading to significant moisture convergence to CI. The stability effect arising from surface cooling by the aerosols is overcome by the enhanced moisture convergence creating a moist static unstable atmosphere conducive for the large-scale organized convection over the CI region leading to the resurgence of active spells. The moisture convergence induced by DT was also able to overcome possible aerosol indirect effect (Twomey effect) and initiate deep convection and transition to active condition. During BNFA cases, however the maximum DT, which was weaker than the BFA cases by more than 1.5°C, could not sustain required moisture convergence and failed to lead to a sustained active spell. Using data from MODIS (MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) onboard Terra and several other input parameters from various satellites for the period 2000-2009, the aerosol induced radiative forcing representative of two regions-the CI to the north and the pristine ocean to the south-were estimated and support the differences in observed DT during the two cases. Our results highlight the need for proper inclusion of absorbing aerosols in dynamical models for simulation of the observed variability of MISOs and their extended range prediction.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absorbing aerosols facilitate transition of Indian monsoon breaks to active spells

et al. 2010

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“…Although there have been several changes in satellites and analysis schemes since the beginning of the OLR dataset in 1974, the OLR data used in this study have been corrected by National Environmental Satellite Data and Information Service (NESDIS) based on the correction algorithms as described in Gruber and Krueger (1984). Further, we have checked the global averages of OLR, but no systematic bias could be found except for JanuaryMarch 1979 that corresponds to early periods of the TIROS N observations.…”

Section: Data and Methods Of Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Warming of Tropical Sea Surface Temperature and Its Relationship to the Northern Hemisphere Circulation

Nitta

Yamada

1989

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

594

379

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“…The distribution of Outgoing Longwave Radiation (OLR) data obtained from NOAA polar orbiting satellites, that indicates high cloud activity, is used as the information on the convective activity. In 1980, equator crossings of the NOAA satellite were at about 7:30 a.m. and p.m. local sun time (Gruber and Krueger, 1984). Daily OLR data are calculated from these twice-daily data by averaging.…”

Section: Data and Analysismentioning

confidence: 97%