The Status of SBIRT Training in Health Professions Education: A Cross-Discipline Review and Evaluation of SBIRT Curricula and Educational Research

Abstract

PurposeTo assess the quality of curricular research on the Screening Brief Intervention and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) approach and determine the presence of useful training modalities, particularly motivational interviewing (MI) training, across health care training curricula. MethodThe authors conducted a systematic review of published, peer-reviewed studies in PubMed, ERIC, CINAHL, Ovid HealthSTAR, and PsycINFO databases through March 2021 for Englishlanguage studies describing SBIRT, a curriculum for health care trainees, and curricular intervention outcomes. After the records were independently assessed, Please see the end of this article for information about the authors.

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“…The SBIRT approach involves screening for substance use risk, providing a brief intervention to raise awareness of substance use patterns and set goals to decrease use, and referral for specialized addiction care as needed [ 62 , 63 ]. SBIRT providers in the US often use a motivational interviewing approach during the brief intervention [ 64 ].…”

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“…Though such interventions have demonstrated immediate changes in attitudes and confidence, they do not result in sustained behaviour change. 4,6 To support pragmatic and sustainable training for physicians in MI, researchers have emphasised the importance of peer feedback as well as virtual patients. 7 Simulation provides an avenue to target specific competencies and support learner assessment.…”

“…However, typical physician training on MI often occurs via a one‐time workshop. Though such interventions have demonstrated immediate changes in attitudes and confidence, they do not result in sustained behaviour change 4,6 . To support pragmatic and sustainable training for physicians in MI, researchers have emphasised the importance of peer feedback as well as virtual patients 7 …”

“…3 Effective MI training traditionally requires timeintensive education with parallel use of valid field instruments. 4,5 However, typical physician training on MI often occurs via a one-time workshop. Though such interventions have demonstrated immediate changes in attitudes and confidence, they do not result in sustained behaviour change.…”

“…Motivational interviewing (MI), a well‐described approach to communication that includes patient‐centred practices, has high relevance to medical practice 3 . Effective MI training traditionally requires time‐intensive education with parallel use of valid field instruments 4,5 . However, typical physician training on MI often occurs via a one‐time workshop.…”