The status of NORMs in natural environment adjacent to the Rooppur nuclear power plant of Bangladesh

Measurement of radioactivity in soils of Karamjal and Harbaria mangrove forest of Sundarbans for establishment of radiological database

“…Low levels of 226 Ra in the collected soil are due to the absence of interaction with igneous rocks and uranium-rich minerals such as apatite, zircon, etc. [ 40 ]. In soil that contains much monazite, the concentration of 232 Th is higher [ 52 – 54 ].…”

“…Natural background radiation is ubiquitous in our dwelling environment. It arises mostly from the Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORMs) such as 238 U, 232 Th, and 40 K and their decay products such as 226 Ra, 222 Rn, etc. NORMs are widespread on the Earth's surface and vary depending on the geological formations of soils, sediments, rocks, water, vegetation, etc.…”

Natural radioactivity and its radiological implications from soils and rocks in Jaintiapur area, North-east Bangladesh

“…−1 , cps = net counts per second, E = photo-peak efficiency I = gamma intensity and W = samples weight (in kg). The relative combined standard uncertainty (CSU) of the activity concentration was calculated (considering all known uncertainty components at coverage factor k = 1) by using equation given below [ 31 , 32 ] where, N, T, Iγ, m and E are the sample counts, counting time, gamma-ray emission probability, sample weight, and counting efficiency, respectively and u(N), u(T), u(Iγ), u(m) and u(E) are their respective uncertainties. In this study, the minimum detectable activity (MDA) of the gamma-ray measurement system was calculated by the following equation [ 33 – 35 ] where, B, is the background counts over the region of interest for each radionuclide and T , is the measurement time in seconds.…”

Assessment of hydrogeochemistry in groundwater using water quality index model and indices approaches

“…The construction of the RNPP began during the year 2017 and at present, the power plant is planning to begin its operation within 2024 [ 47 ]. Therefore, this area has been a region of interest for numerous scientific research and several studies have so far reported the status of groundwater [ [ 4 , 5 , [48] , [49] , [50] ]]. However, all these studies have reported the status of groundwater quality around the RNPP area from the beginning of the construction phase [ 4 , 5 ] to this date [ [ [48] , [49] , [50] ]].…”

“…Therefore, this area has been a region of interest for numerous scientific research and several studies have so far reported the status of groundwater [ [ 4 , 5 , [48] , [49] , [50] ]]. However, all these studies have reported the status of groundwater quality around the RNPP area from the beginning of the construction phase [ 4 , 5 ] to this date [ [ [48] , [49] , [50] ]]. The earlier study regarding the groundwater quality in this region can be traced to Ref.…”