The Status and Characteristics of Urinary Stone Composition in China

Ye, Zhangqun; Zeng, Guohua; Yang, Huan; Li, Jianxin; Tang, Kun; Wang, Guomin; Wang, Shusheng; Yu, Yonggang; Wang, Yujie; Zhang, Tao; Long, Yongfu; Li, Weibin; Wang, Changmin; Wang, Wei; Gao, Sihe; Shan, Yuxi; Huang, Xiaobo; Bai, Zhiming; Lin, Xiaohong; Cheng, Yufeng; Wang, Qinzhang; Xu, Zhongneng; Xie, Liping; Yuan, Jianlin; Ren, Shengqiang; Fan, Yuhui; Pan, Tiejun; Wang, Jing; Li, Xun; Chen, Xuehua; Gu, Xiaoqing; Sun, Zhaolin; Xiao, Kefeng; Jia, Jianye; Zhang, Qinghua; Wang, Gongxian; Sun, Ting; Li, Xuedong; Xu, Chunbao; Xu, Chuan; Shi, Guowei; He, Jiayang; Song, Leming; Sun, Guang; Wang, Dongwen; Liu, Yili; Wang, Handong; Han, Yi; Liang, Ping; Wang, Zhiping; He, Wei; Chen, Zhiqiang; Xing, Jinchun; Xu, Hua

doi:10.2139/ssrn.3234808

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Wu et al reported that compared with 2003-2007, the number of UA stones in 2008-2012 doubled (3.83% vs. 6.94%) ( 13 ). In our study, UA contributed to 11.8% of all stones, which was almost the same as that reported by a recent study in China in 2019, with a UA stone prevalence of 11.1% ( 9 ). We also found that the prevalence of UA stones slowly increased among both genders with aging ( 2 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Upper urinary tract stone compositions: the role of age and gender

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2020

Int. braz j urol.

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Objective: To analyze the compositions of upper urinary tract stones and investigate their distributions in different gender and age groups. Materials and Methods: Patients diagnosed with upper urinary tract stone disease between December 2014 and March 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Patient's age, gender, BMI, comorbidities, stone event characteristics, and compositions were collected, and proportions of stone components in different gender and age groups were analyzed. Results: A total of 1532 stone analyses were performed (992 from males and 540 from females). The mean age was younger in males (p <0.001). Males included more cases with larger BMI, hyperuricemia, and obesity, while females had more urinary tract infections. Multiple components were present in 61.8% of stones. Calcium oxalate (CaOx) (67.0%) was the most common component, followed by uric acid (UA) (11.8%), infection stone (11.4%), calcium phosphate (CaP) (8.0%), cystine (1.1%), brushite (0.4%), and 2,8-dihydroxyadenine (0.2%). Men contributed with more CaOx stones than women at age 30-49 years (all p <0.01) and more UA stones at 30-59 years (all p <0.05). Women contributed with more infection stones than men in age groups 30-49 and 60-69 years (all p <0.05), and more CaP stones at 30-49 years. The prevalence peak was 50-59 years in men and 60-69 years in women. Both genders had the lowest prevalence in adolescence. Prevalence of UA stones increased while that of infection stones decreased with aging in both genders. Conclusions: Age and sex had a strong association with distribution of stone compositions in this Chinese cohort.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The incidence of urolithiasis in China has been increasing steadily during the last 20 years, mainly because of changing of lifestyles factors, especially diet (8). The most recent nationwide study revealed that about 1 in 17 adults in China has renal stones (9).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upper urinary tract stone compositions: the role of age and gender

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2020

Int. braz j urol.

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“…The symptoms improve after oral antibiotic treatment, but the stones are not eradicated. With the improvement of the economic situation in China, the annual incidence of bladder stones has been progressively decreasing (6). Secondary bladder stones are more common in older males with benign prostatic hyperplasia (7).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Giant bladder stone: A case report

Wei

Qin

Wang³

et al. 2022

Exp Ther Med

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Giant bladder stones are rare in younger patients. Herein, we report a case of acute renal failure in a 31-year-old male with a giant bladder stone. The patient presented with lower urinary tract symptoms and urinary retention with milky-white urine. An emergency suprapubic cystotomy was performed and an 11-cm oval, solid stone was removed. Post-operative creatinine levels progressively decreased to normal and the patient exhibited smooth urination and good recovery at follow-up. A comprehensive physical examination and thorough investigation of the patient's medical history are required during clinical evaluation, diagnosis and treatment, thus preventing misdiagnoses and ensuring prompt treatment.

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“…It is possible that the patients in our study had eaten more foods with a high content urate/uric acid or urate precursors. Guangdong is a coastal area of South China and it was demonstrated that the composition of stones also was affected by geographical location, age and gender [16,17]. Interestingly, E. coli was the most common bacteria in both cultures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Characteristics of Bacterial Spectrum and Antimicrobial Resistance in Urine and Stone Cultures From Patients With Kidney Stone Disease

Lei

Jiang

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background It is important to understand the clinical characteristics of bacterial spectrum and antibiotic resistance of urine and stone pathogens for the prevention and treatment of urolithiasis and perioperative infection. Methods Consecutive patients with kidney stones treated by percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) from September 2016 to September 2018 were included. The bacterial species and antibiotic sensitivity test of the germs cultured from clean middle-stream urine and from stones intraoperatively were evaluated. Results In 1055 patients, the rate of positive bacterial test was higher in stones than in urine (337, 31.0% vs. 221, 20.9%, p=0.016). 167(15.8%) patients had both positive urine culture (UC) and stone culture (SC), of which 137 (82.0%) had identical bacteria in both cultures. In infection stone patients, the positive rate of bacteria was 34.7% (91/262) in urine and 52.3% (137/262) in stone, and in non-infection stone patients, was 16.4% (130/793) and 25.2% (200/793). The positive rate of SC in patients with different types of stones were higher than that of UC. E. coli was the most common organism not only in both UC (54.3% ,120/221) and SC (43.9%,148/337) but also in urine and stones from patients with infection stones (44.0%,32.8%) or non-infection stones (61.5%,51.8%). Furthermore, the pathogens isolated from urine and stones showed high resistance to fluoroquinolones, ceftriaxone, cefazolin, cefuroxime, β-lactamases and sulfonamides (all resistance>20%). Conclusions The bacterial spectra demonstrated in stones and urine samples were significantly different. Positive SC was more commonly encountered than positive UC. Compared with non-infection stones, infection stones were accompanied by higher rates of positive tests in both cultures. The antibiotic resistance was comparable between bacteria in the two cultures. A combination of antibiotic sensitivity results in urine and stones might be a useful guide for selection of effective and appropriate treatment aiming at reduced problems with bacterial antibiotic resistance.

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The Status and Characteristics of Urinary Stone Composition in China

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Upper urinary tract stone compositions: the role of age and gender

Upper urinary tract stone compositions: the role of age and gender

Giant bladder stone: A case report

Clinical Characteristics of Bacterial Spectrum and Antimicrobial Resistance in Urine and Stone Cultures From Patients With Kidney Stone Disease

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