The State of the Science in Patient-Reported Outcomes for Patients with Lung Cancer

Abstract

Traditionally, clinicians have assumed the primary responsibility for evaluating disease- and treatment-related outcomes. In the past few decades, however, a series of recommendations and standards promulgated by professional societies and regulatory agencies have resulted in increased use of patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures in cancer clinical trials. PROs, such as quality of life (QOL) measures, are important in establishing overall treatment effectiveness in cancer clinical trials, and they can inform clinical decision making. This article discusses the current state of the science in PRO research for patients with lung cancer, the cancer type with the highest incidence rate and the lowest survival rate worldwide. The discussion focuses on (1) PRO and survival; (2) electronic PRO reporting and interventions; (3) PROs and immunotherapy; (4) PRO, biomarkers, and precision health; (5) key issues in applying PROs in clinical trials; and (6) future directions for research.

In vitro Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Inhibitory Effect by New Diphenylethane Isolated From Stems and Leaves of Dioscorea oppositifolia L. via ERβ-STAT3 Pathway

“…Lung cancer has become the type of cancer with the highest incidence among all the other types cancers in the world, and it appears to affect more among the young people ( Xiao et al, 2020 ). The existing treatment methods have disadvantages such as poor selectivity, high toxic side-effects and a rapid development of drug resistance ( Zhang et al, 2017 ).…”

“…Lung cancer has become the type of cancer with the highest incidence among all the other types cancers in the world, and it appears to affect more among the young people (Xiao et al, 2020).…”

Quality of life and its associations with illness perceptions over a 3‑month follow‑up period in patients with non‑small cell lung cancer: A prospective longitudinal study

“…The findings of the present study may encourage the adoption of QOL as an end point in oncology clinical practice. Xiao et al (23) demonstrated that patient-reported outcomes (including QOL) were a key information source for assessing clinical benefit in cancer trials and for informing clinical decision making. Significant improvements have been made in incorporating patient-reported outcomes in lung cancer trials (23).…”

“…Xiao et al (23) demonstrated that patient-reported outcomes (including QOL) were a key information source for assessing clinical benefit in cancer trials and for informing clinical decision making. Significant improvements have been made in incorporating patient-reported outcomes in lung cancer trials (23). However, a previous systematic review reported that QOL results were significantly under-reported, with a disappointing decline in the timely inclusion of results in primary publications (24).…”

Patient-Reported Outcomes in the Era of Immunotherapy Trials

“…Assessment of patientreported outcomes (PROs) has emerged as an important tool to measure patient's perception of their symptoms from lung cancer and their global health status. 1 The regulatory authorities have recognized the relevance of PROs and their importance in supporting labeling claims for drug therapy. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration in its guidance characterizes PROs as any report of a status of a patient's health condition that comes directly from a patient without interpretation of the patient's response by a clinician or anyone else.…”