The State of the Art

Morin, Daniel P.; Bernard, Michael L.; Madias, Christopher; Rogers, Paul A.; Thihalolipavan, Sudarone; Estes, N.A. Mark

doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2016.08.022

Cited by 161 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 261 publications

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“…Atrial dilatation is also enhanced by the proliferation of atrial fibroblasts. Both conditions lead to structural and electrical remodeling of the left atrium and explain the development of AF in T2DM (1,13,14). The contribution of oxidative stress might also be determined by additional exposure to exogenous sources of ROS, as well as the reduced capacity of antioxidant defense systems to scavenge these molecules in the elderly since their efficiency is age-dependent (15,16).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Irrespective of its relationship with T2DM, AF should be appropriately managed. Therapeutic solutions include either rate control or rhythm control options and, in patients with CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc score of at least one point, anticoagulation agents should be prescribed to prevent thromboembolism and cardiovascular mortality (1,(17)(18)(19).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Out of the cardiac arrhythmias, atrial fibrillation (AF) is undoubtedly the most frequently encountered entity in clinical practice (1). The number of patients with AF has been growing steadily up to the point in which this disorder has become an epidemic: in 2030, more than 12 million people will be affected by AF in the United States (1,2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cardio metabolic risk factors for atrial fibrillation in type 2 diabetes mellitus: Focus on hypertension, metabolic syndrome and obesity

Găman¹,

Dobrică²,

Pascu³

et al. 2019

JMMS

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Objective. Atrial fibrillation (AF) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been little explored so far. However, there are several cardio metabolic risk factors for AF in T2DM patients, such as arterial hypertension, obesity or the metabolic syndrome. Our objective was to evaluate cardio metabolic risk factors for AF in T2DM patients. Methods. We studied the medical records of T2DM patients hospitalized in the Internal Medicine department of an emergency referral hospital in Bucharest, Romania. The study was observational, retrospective and carried out between January-June 2018. Results. The study group included 221 T2DM patients (with a mean age of 68.65 ± 10.64, ranging between 37-93 years): 116 women (52.49%; with a mean age of 70.53 ± 10.69, ranging between 37-93 years) and 105 men (47.51%; with a mean age of 66.57 ± 10.23, ranging between 38-91 years). 92 patients had AF (41.63%): 40 women (34.48%) and 52 men (49.52%). 180 patients (81.45%) were hypertensive: 103 women (88.79%) and 77 men (73.33%). 113 patients (51.13%) had metabolic syndrome: 58 women (50.00%) and 55 men (52.38%). 77 patients (34.84%) were obese: 45 women (38.79%) and 32 men (30.48%). AF patients associated obesity in 26 cases (28.26%), hypertension in 73 cases (79.35%) and metabolic syndrome in 56 cases (60.87%). Conclusions. Out of the study group, 92 T2DM patients (41.63%) had AF, men being more likely to suffer from AF than women (p=0.0288). Hypertension affected 180 patients (81.45%) and in greater proportion women vs. men (p=0.0051). The metabolic syndrome and obesity were discovered in 113 patients (51.13%) and 77 patients (34.84%), respectively, with no significant differences in terms of gender. In our research, the highest cardio metabolic risk factors for AF in T2DM were hypertension (OR = 3.6675) and the metabolic syndrome (OR = 3.3388).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Cardio metabolic risk factors for atrial fibrillation in type 2 diabetes mellitus: Focus on hypertension, metabolic syndrome and obesity

Găman¹,

Dobrică²,

Pascu³

et al. 2019

JMMS

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“…The most well-described modifiable factors that increase risk of AF are congestive heart failure (CHF), hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, alcohol consumption, and obstructive sleep apnea. 28,29 Risk factor modification may impact the development and severity of AF, as illustrated in Figure 1.…”

Section: Comorbidities and Af Risk Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Evidence-Based Understanding of the Epidemiology, Prevention, and Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation

Rogers

Bernard

Madias

et al. 2018

Current Problems in Cardiology

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Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common atrial arrhythmia in adults worldwide. As medical advancements continue to contribute to an ever-increasing aging population, the burden of atrial fibrillation on the modern health care system continues to increase. Therapies are also evolving, for treatment of the arrhythmia itself, and stroke risk mitigation. Internists and cardiologists alike are, in most instances, the frontline contact for AF patients, and would benefit from remaining facile in their understanding of care options. To continue to deliver high-quality care to this expanding patient group, an updated, concise review for the clinician is prudent. This article provides a comprehensive summary of the current epidemiology and pathophysiology of AF, as well as contemporary procedural therapeutic options.

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“…Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a rapidly growing global health problem mainly due to aging of the human population and adherence to unhealthy lifestyles. AF is associated with significant morbidity and mortality predominately resulting from embolic stroke and heart failure (1,2). In 2010, an estimated 33.5 million people were suffering from AF worldwide with tremendous socioeconomic costs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multicellular In vitro Models of Cardiac Arrhythmias: Focus on Atrial Fibrillation

Gorp

Trines

Pijnappels

et al. 2020

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia in clinical practice with a large socioeconomic impact due to its associated morbidity, mortality, reduction in quality of life and health care costs. Currently, antiarrhythmic drug therapy is the first line of treatment for most symptomatic AF patients, despite its limited efficacy, the risk of inducing potentially life-threating ventricular tachyarrhythmias as well as other side effects. Alternative, in-hospital treatment modalities consisting of electrical cardioversion and invasive catheter ablation improve patients' symptoms, but often have to be repeated and are still associated with serious complications and only suitable for specific subgroups of AF patients. The development and progression of AF generally results from the interplay of multiple disease pathways and is accompanied by structural and functional (e.g., electrical) tissue remodeling. Rational development of novel treatment modalities for AF, with its many different etiologies, requires a comprehensive insight into the complex pathophysiological mechanisms. Monolayers of atrial cells represent a simplified surrogate of atrial tissue well-suited to investigate atrial arrhythmia mechanisms, since they can easily be used in a standardized, systematic and controllable manner to study the role of specific pathways and processes in the genesis, perpetuation and termination of atrial arrhythmias. In this review, we provide an overview of the currently available two-and three-dimensional multicellular in vitro systems for investigating the initiation, maintenance and termination of atrial arrhythmias and AF. This encompasses cultures of primary (animal-derived) atrial cardiomyocytes (CMs), pluripotent stem cell-derived atrial-like CMs and (conditionally) immortalized atrial CMs. The strengths and weaknesses of each of these model systems for studying atrial arrhythmias will be discussed as well as their implications for future studies.

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The State of the Art

Cited by 161 publications

References 261 publications

Cardio metabolic risk factors for atrial fibrillation in type 2 diabetes mellitus: Focus on hypertension, metabolic syndrome and obesity

Cardio metabolic risk factors for atrial fibrillation in type 2 diabetes mellitus: Focus on hypertension, metabolic syndrome and obesity

Current Evidence-Based Understanding of the Epidemiology, Prevention, and Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation

Multicellular In vitro Models of Cardiac Arrhythmias: Focus on Atrial Fibrillation

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