The State of Legal Consciousness Formation of Russian Students

Abstract

The article aims at determining the specifics of legal consciousness of Russian youth, as well as to determining the ways and possibilities of developing mechanisms for its development. For this purpose, two surveys were conducted: firstamong 30 experts in the field of human rights and freedoms and secondamong 800 respondents aged from 14 to 25 years from 15 regions of the Russian Federation. Characteristic features of legal consciousness of modern students as a subjective factor of reflection and construction of social and legal reality are allocated and described. The levels of formation of the rights consciousness of University students were revealed; the specificity of the legal consciousness of young people depending on the spheres of life (household, business, civil) was revealed; the mechanisms for the correction of legal consciousness in terms of higher education are presented. The results showed that the majority of respondents have an adequate understanding of human rights and freedoms, but a significant proportion of respondents do not have a solid legal knowledge and even refer to the Constitution such rights and freedoms that are not only not provided for in it, but are contrary to the norms of a democratic state.

Formation of Legal Competence of Future Bachelors of Psychological and Pedagogical Education

“…On the basis of theoretical analysis and generalization of specialized scientific literature, various substantive directions of the formed legal competence of students were studied [1,5]. Being a synthesis of legislative and normative knowledge and practical skills in the field of social and psychological communications, legal abilities embody information, ethical and psychological-pedagogical aspects of their activities and act as various competencies that make up the content of the student's legal competence [3,4]. The content of the pedagogical process for the formation of legal competence can be represented in the following model "see Figure 1".…”

“…In the direction of legal competence, previous studies on the formation of a system of normative and legislative skills and the development of the ethical and informational potential of students with the help of didactic games only fragmentarily or occasionally cover the implementation of this process outside school hours [6,7]. Scientific work is mainly aimed at the experimental confirmation of external systemforming factors through the dominant activity of the psychologist in this professional activity [3,5]. In this direction, it is a specialist in the field of psychological and pedagogical education who presents to students the subject of his activity in the form of a system of legal tasks and cases [4].…”

“…The results of professional activities based on legal experience and competencies can be in the form of new ideas, laws, concepts, principles, models of psychological and pedagogical technologies [6,11]. The same legal abilities operate in different combinations and are manifested in different types of professional activity [3].…”

“…To date, to ensure the effectiveness of the educational process, the professional activity of a future young specialist in the field of pedagogy and psychology must include planning and organization of legal activity [1], analysis and systematization of information in legislative and regulatory aspects [2]. The Law "On Education", the Federal State Educational Standard of Teachers and the Federal Concept of Spiritual and Moral Development and Education of a Citizen dictate the need to form the personality of a teacher-psychologist in a new legal environment in the education system [3,4]. Interaction with students and their parents, the administration of educational institutions and representatives of all levels of the education system determines the need to know, understand and apply in professional activities the regulatory framework of the municipal, regional and federal levels [5,6].…”

“…Each of these types of activities is necessary to improve the quality of training a modern young specialist, which, due to their synergistic interaction, improves the quality of education and upbringing of the younger generation [7]. Namely, a synergistic combination of all the presented types of activity can fully and effectively form one of the key competencies of a modern successful specialist, namely his legal competence [3,8].…”