The standard metabolism of female rats before and after ovariectomy in experiments with and without narcosis

Hemmingsen, Axel M.

doi:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1934.tb00357.x

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Szarka (1929) also found a 20 % increase above the general level, but during pro-oestrus and oestrus, while Fraser & Wiesner (1929) found about 30 % difference beteeen minimum and maximum carbon dioxide production during the oestrous cycle with the cornified cell stage of the vaginal smear occurring just after the minimum metabolic rate. Hemmingsen (1934), however, found no systematic variation in 'basal' rate between different stages of the cycle. Slonaker (1924Slonaker ( , 1927 and Brobeck, Wheatland & Strominger (1947) found a fall in food intake and body weight during oestrus, with a coincident rise in activity, while Brobeck et al (1947) also found a hypo-and hyperthermia in oestrus and di-oestrus respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Several series of estimations of the 'basal' rate of rats are available, the most complete from the point of view of fulfilment of the 'basal' criteria being that of 491 492 S .MRIO Benedict (1938); this shows substantial linearity with body weight over the weight range 150-400 g. Hemmingsen's (1934) large series of 'basal' rates on female rats cover narcotized and non-narcotized animals; both show effectively a linear relation with body weight, although Hemmingsen fitted power equations to his data. The narcotized rats show close agreement with the line drawn by Benedict to his data, but the non-narcotized animals show a rather higher energy expenditure, with a greater increase with body weight; most of these estimations, however, were made at an environmental temperature of over 300 C compared with Benedict's at 28°C.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The total energy metabolism of non‐pregnant rats

Morrison¹

1955

The Journal of Physiology

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Much information has accumulated over the years on the so-called 'basal' metabolism of many mammalian species. Such information is of great value for some purposes, notably for the comparison of the effects on energy metabolism of various pharmacological and hormonal agents. There are, however, objections to the use of 'basal' determinations as a measure of the normal energy economy of the organism. 'Basal' metabolism, better described as the resting, post-absorptive metabolism, can be determined only over relatively short periods, not more than 1 hr and usually not more than 10 or 15 min; the extrapolation of measurements of such short duration to a period of 24 hr can introduce errors of considerable magnitude. Also, it has been pointed out by and by Forbes, that the apparent effect of specific dynamic action (S.D.A.) in the post-absorptive animal is different to that in the normally feeding animal. The diurnal variations in energy expenditure, pointed out by many workers (e.g. , cannot be taken into account by means of single 'basal' determinations; repeated short-period determinations at intervals throughout the day and night, on the other hand, disturb the normal pattern of behaviour of the animal.In the case of small animals a more serious difficulty in the evaluation of the significance of 'basal' energy arises since the post-absorptive animal is difficult to distinguish from the frankly starving animal; in addition, the true resting state is almost impossible to achieve in small animals for more than a few minutes at a time. Brody, Riggs, Kaufman & Herring (1938) have shown that, in the post-absorptive rat, lactation is severely depressed, and within 8 hr of the last feed completely fails. Such a drastic effect on a normal function at the beginning of what is usually regarded as the post-absorptive period is a strong indication that, in the rat, the post-absorptive state cannot be regarded as physiological.

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