The Stabilization of Pyrethrins by Piperonyl Butoxide in Water, With Special Reference to Their Use as Mosquito Larvicides

Brooke, J. P.

doi:10.1111/j.1744-7348.1958.tb02203.x

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Pyrethrin has found wide applications because of its low toxicity against mammals and high efficacy against a broad range of stored-product insect pests. Commercial formulations used often contain synergist like piperonyl butoxide to increase efficacy of pyrethrins (Brooke, 1958). Insect growth regulators cause malformation or reduces adult emergence.…”

Section: Chemical Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst): biology and management

Chaubey¹

2023

Int.J.Zool.Appl.Biosci

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According to an estimate, the world’s population will reach upto 9.1 billion till 2050 and food production is projected to increase up to 70%. Developing countries already facing food scarcity contribute most in population growth. In these countries, one in every six children suffers from hunger and malnutrition. In these critical situation, protection of the grains and food products from insect infestation during pre-harvest and post-harvest is urgently necessary it causes mass losses of grains. In several countries, about 15% of grains are lost harvesting or post-harvesting stages. The Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) has estimated this loss up to 40% in India. Among the culprits of these losses, coleopteran insect species play major roles. Among coleopterans, red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum causes loss of grains and food products to larger extent in post-harvest stage. T. castaneum is a secondary pest with a wide host range infesting almong, barley, beans, ground nuts, lentils, maize, oat, peas, rice, rye, sorghum, wheat and other processed grain products. Adults and larvae attack grains already damaged by primary pest and feed mainly on the germ. For the management of T. castaneum population, several approaches including synthetic insecticides have been applied with lots of success but leaving several environmental and human health issues too. To minimize these adverse effects, plant derived volatile chemicals i.e. essential oils and its constituents alone or in combination have been used and got promising results. Since these are volatile, non-persistent and biodegradable, essential oil based formulations can be used for the management of T. castaneum at large as green eco-friendly insecticide

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Section: Chemical Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst): biology and management

Chaubey¹

2023

Int.J.Zool.Appl.Biosci

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“…Pyrethrin is of special interest because of its low mammalian toxicity and efÞcacy against a broad range of storedproduct insects. Commercial formulations used in milling and processing facilities often contain the synergist piperonyl butoxide, which enhances the biological activity of pyrethrins (Brooke 1958).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Synergized Pyrethrin Aerosol for Control of <I>Tribolium castaneum</I> and <I>Tribolium confusum</I> (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

et al. 2014

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Aerosol insecticides are being used in flour mill pest management programs, but there is limited information on their efficacy on different insect life stages. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of synergized pyrethrin applied as an aerosol against eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), and the confused flour beetle, Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val. Effects of direct and indirect exposure were evaluated by exposing each life stage to the aerosol and then transferring to untreated flour, transferring untreated insects to treated flour, or exposing both the insects and the flour to the aerosol. The aerosol produced >88% mortality of both species and all life stages when insects were directly treated and transferred to either treated or untreated flour. Mortality was significantly reduced when insects were either treated together with flour or untreated insects were transferred to treated flour (indirect exposure to the aerosol). Larvae and adults of both species were more tolerant compared with eggs and pupae. Recovery of moribund adults in the indirect exposure treatments was greater compared with recovery of moribund insects in the direct exposure treatments. Good sanitation before aerosol application could facilitate direct exposure of insects and thus increase aerosol efficacy inside flour mills.

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Residues of trichlorphon (neguvon) in milk after dermal application to cattle

Wickham¹,

Flanagan²

1962

J Sci Food Agric

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The probability that trichlorphon may be used t o control warbles in dairy cattle has raised the question of whether milk from treated animals will contain any harmful residues. Results from bioassays show that, when applied as a dermal wash a t a maximum of 2 pints of 2'36 solution or I pint of 4% solution per animal, the level of insecticide present in the milk does not a t any time exceed 0.4 p.p.m. and if more than 6 h. has elapsed after treatment, the level is generally about 0.1 p.p.m. I t is considered that this level does not present a hazard to any consumer. The presence of open warble holes does not materially affect the amount of trichlorphon secreted in the milk. Introduction00-Dimethyl (I-hydroxy-z,z,z-trichloroethy1)phosphonate is a water-soluble insecticide commonly known in Britain as ' trichlorphon '. I t has also been known as ' Bayer L 13/59 '

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The Stabilization of Pyrethrins by Piperonyl Butoxide in Water, With Special Reference to Their Use as Mosquito Larvicides

Cited by 5 publications

References 2 publications

Red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst): biology and management

Red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst): biology and management

Evaluation of Synergized Pyrethrin Aerosol for Control of <I>Tribolium castaneum</I> and <I>Tribolium confusum</I> (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

Residues of trichlorphon (neguvon) in milk after dermal application to cattle

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