The Stability of Solutions of the Variable-Order Fractional Optimal Control Model for the COVID-19 Epidemic in Discrete Time

Abstract

This article introduces a discrete-time fractional variable order over a SEIQR model, incorporated for COVID-19. Initially, we establish the well-possedness of solution. Further, the disease-free and the endemic equilibrium points are determined. Moreover, the local asymptotic stability of the model is analyzed. We develop a novel discrete fractional optimal control problem tailored for COVID-19, utilizing a discrete mathematical model featuring a variable order fractional derivative. Finally, we validate the reliability of these analytical findings through numerical simulations and offer insights from a biological perspective.