The stability of personality traits in adolescence and young adulthood

Elkins, Rosemary; Kassenboehmer, Sonja C.; Schurer, Stefanie

doi:10.1016/j.joep.2016.12.005

Cited by 103 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 99 publications

(168 reference statements)

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“…Extraversion decreases with age until age 35 and then stays stable. Our findings are consistent with patterns described in Elkins, Kassenboehmer, and Schurer (). They find that conscientiousness increases with age by 0.38 standard deviations, but the changes in other personality traits are moderate and do not exceed 0.15 standard deviations.…”

Section: Datasupporting

confidence: 93%

A dynamic model of personality, schooling, and occupational choice

Todd

Zhang

2020

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This paper develops a dynamic model of schooling and occupational choices that incorporates personality traits, as measured by the "big five" traits. The model is estimated using the HILDA dataset from Australia. Personality traits are found to play an important role in explaining education and occupation choices over the lifecycle. Results show that individuals with a comparative advantage in schooling and white-collar work have, on average, higher cognitive skills and higher personality trait scores. Allowing personality traits to evolve with age and with schooling proves to be important to capturing the heterogeneity in how people respond to educational policies. The estimated model is used to evaluate two education policies: compulsory senior secondary school and a 50% college tuition subsidy. Both policies increase educational attainment and also affect personality traits.

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Section: Datasupporting

confidence: 93%

A dynamic model of personality, schooling, and occupational choice

Todd

Zhang

2020

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“…An important caveat here is that the analysis assumes that cognitive and non-cognitive skills are rank-order stable in adulthood and therefore unaffected by fertility timing. This is consistent with common practice in previous research and with available evidence regarding the stability of non-cognitive skills in the present data (Cobb-Clark & Schurer 2012Deary et al 2000;Elkins, Kassenboehmer & Schurer 2017). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…The first of these papers deaths or the combination of job loss with loss of a spouse and a health shock) produced any intraindividual change in locus of control. Elkins, Kassenboehmer and Schurer (2017) extend these analyses to adolescents and young adults (aged 15-24) and report similar findings. Overall, these papers suggest that, while not perfectly time invariant both cognitive and non-cognitive skills are highly stable and only minimally affected by life events.…”

Section: Cognitive and Non-cognitive Skillssupporting

confidence: 64%

Family formation patterns and physical health in Australia: a life course approach

O’Flaherty¹

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Social science has long studied the relationships between processes of family formation and health, although empirical patterns in this domain of study are often variable, and their interpretation uncertain. Constrained by lack of suitable data, analytic techniques, and conceptual tools, work in this area has until recently been largely static, focussed on documenting and interpreting crosssectional associations between occupancy of family roles and health. However, as data and methodology matured and developed economies continued their transition away from the once dominant 'male breadwinner' model of the family, more sophisticated approaches that acknowledge the dynamic relationships between family formation and health have become both more feasible and more urgent.This thesis applies a life course approach to the study of family formation and health in the (2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014), and form the primary material for four empirical chapters. The first empirical chapter utilizes multichannel sequence analysis and growth models to investigate how holistic patterns of family formation (incorporating both partnership and fertility trajectories from ages 18-50) are associated with trajectories of physical health at ages 51 and older. For men, family life course trajectories characterized by early family formation, failure to marry, or early divorce without subsequent remarriage are found to be predictive of poorer health outcomes, while for women only those who experienced high fertility paired with a disrupted marital history were found to be in poorer health than those who experienced a normatively 'standard' family life course.The second, third, and fourth empirical chapters focus on different aspects of the relationship between parental age at first birth and later life heath. The first of these contextualizes changes in first birth timing in historical context, presents a descriptive analysis of the characteristics of younger/older first time mothers and fathers, and uses multinomial logistic regression to assess the contribution of early-life family and socio-economic disadvantage, health, and cognitive and noncognitive skills to first birth timing. Consistent with prior research, background family disadvantage and age at school leaving was found to have strong effects on birth timing, in particular for women.ii There was also some evidence of health selection into early first birth, with the largest effects again found for women.The third empirical chapter considers the effect of first birth timing on long-term health outcomes (ages 41 and older). In addition to the primary issue of whether there is an effect of birth timing on health, the analysis pays particular attention to several research questions: first, which pre- as mechanisms, as changes at the time of the parenthood transition and in the years thereafter did not differ depending on age at first birth. Younger parents do experience potentially harmful changes in alcohol use and soc...

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“…et al, 2006; Roberts & Mroczek, 2008). Some studies focus on the impact of social roles (Roberts et al, 2005), life events experienced in adulthood (Specht et al, 2011, Cobb-Clark and Schurer, 2012, Luhmann et al, 2014) or adolescence (Elkins et al, 2016), secondary schooling (Dahmann and Anger, 2014), or tertiary education (Lüdtke et al, 2011, Schurer et al., 2015). …”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origins of Adulthood Personality: The Role of Adverse Childhood Experiences

Fletcher

Schurer

2017

The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis &Amp; Policy

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We test whether adverse childhood experiences – exposure to parental maltreatment and its indirect effect on health – are associated with age 30 personality traits. We use rich longitudinal data from a large, representative cohort of young US Americans and exploit differences across siblings to control for the confounding influences of shared environmental and genetic factors. We find that maltreatment experiences are significantly and robustly associated with neuroticism, conscientiousness, and openness to experience, but not with agreeableness and extraversion. High levels of neuroticism are linked to sexual abuse and neglect; low levels of conscientiousness and openness to experience are linked to parental neglect. The associations are partially explained by the indirect effects of maltreatment on adolescence physical and mental health. Maltreatment experiences, in combination with their health effects, explain a substantial fraction of the relationship between adulthood conscientiousness and earnings or human capital. Our findings provide a possible explanation for why personality traits are important predictors of adulthood labor market outcomes.

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The stability of personality traits in adolescence and young adulthood

Cited by 103 publications

References 99 publications

A dynamic model of personality, schooling, and occupational choice

A dynamic model of personality, schooling, and occupational choice

Family formation patterns and physical health in Australia: a life course approach

Origins of Adulthood Personality: The Role of Adverse Childhood Experiences

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