The Stability of Gingerol and Shogaol in Aqueous Solutions

Bhattarai, Sushila; Tran, Van Hoan; Duke, Colin C.

doi:10.1002/jps.1116

Cited by 169 publications

(151 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The oil also contains sesquiterpenes and sesquiterpene alcohols impacting the smell of ginger, whilst the taste of ginger is mainly affected by various monoterpenes. Shogaols, contained in semidried ginger, are more pungent than gingerols [20], are a major degradation product of the thermally labile gingerols, and are rarely found in fresh ginger [21]. Another minor component, zingerone, is a degradation product which indicates low quality plant material.…”

Section: The Importance Of Chemical Composition Of Ginger and Other Hmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zingiber officinale(Ginger): A Future Outlook on Its Potential in Prevention and Treatment of Diabetes and Prediabetic States

Roufogalis

2014

New Journal of Science

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Diabetes is reaching pandemic levels in both developing and developed countries and requires safe, affordable, and effective therapies. This report summarises work in our laboratory on the effects of Zingiber officinale (ginger) and its components in diabetes models and provides a future outlook on the potential for their use in type 2 diabetes. A high fat diet rat model showed modulation of body weight gain and normalisation of glucose and lipid metabolic disturbances, with reduction of insulin resistance in a high fat-high carbohydrate diet model. Ginger extract inhibits enhanced NF-B in liver of high fat-fed rats through inhibition of the IKK/I B /NF-B classical pathway. The major active component (S) -[6]-gingerol inhibited elevated cytokines in inflamed HuH-7 cells through suppression of COX2 expression and protection against the ROS pathway. Ginger extract and gingerols enhanced glucose uptake in L6 myotubes, by enhancing translocation of GLUT4 to the surface membrane and activation of AMPK 1 through a Ca 2+ /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase pathway. (S)-[6]-Gingerol also enhanced energy metabolism through marked increment of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-coactivator-1 (PGC-1 ) gene expression and mitochondrial content in L6 skeletal muscle cells. Future studies will require well designed clinical trials on ginger preparations of defined chemical composition.

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Section: The Importance Of Chemical Composition Of Ginger and Other Hmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zingiber officinale(Ginger): A Future Outlook on Its Potential in Prevention and Treatment of Diabetes and Prediabetic States

Roufogalis

2014

New Journal of Science

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“…1) identified by Jolad et al [2004] is one of the most pharmacologically active and abundant components [Kim et al 2005]. The presence of α-, β-hydroxy keto functional group in the structure of gingerols makes them susceptible to transformation to shogaol and zingerone at high temperature and long drying times [Bhattarai et al 2001, Balladin et al 1998, Jiang et al 2007]. Based on previous reports, 6-gingerol has a wide array of biochemical and pharmacologic activities, including anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-mutagenic [Shukla et al 2007], anti-angiogenesis [Kim et al 2005], anti-emetic [Abdel-Aziz et al 2006], anti-hyperglycemic [Chakraborty et al 2012], and anticancer activities in vitro and in vivo [Lee et al 2008, Nigam et al 2009, Yang et al 2010.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimized microwave-assisted extraction of 6-gingerol from Zingiber officinale Roscoeand evaluation of antioxidant activity in vitro

Liu¹,

Zhou²,

Zhao³

et al. 2014

Acta Sci Pol Technol Aliment

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Background. 6-Gingerol is one of the most pharmacologically active and abundant components in ginger, which has a wide array of biochemical and pharmacologic activities. In recent years, the application of microwave-assi sted extraction (MAE) for obtaining bioactive compounds from plant materials has shown tremendous research interest and potential. In this study, an effi cient microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) technique was developed to extract 6-gingerol from ginger. The extraction effi ciency of MAE was also compared with conventional extraction techniques. Material and methods. Fresh gingers (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) were harvested at commercial maturity (originally from Shandong, laiwu, China). In single-factor experiments for the recovery of 6-gingerol, proper ranges of ratio of liquid to solid, ethanol proportion, microwave power, extraction time were determined. Based on the values obtained in single-factor experiments, a Box-Behnken design (BBD) was applied to determine the best combination of extraction variables on the yield of 6-gingerol. Results. The optimum extraction conditions were as follows: mi crowave power 528 W, ratio of liquid to solid 26 mL·g -1 , extraction time 31 s and ethanol proportion 78%. Furthermore, more 6-gingerol and total polyphenols contents were extracted by MAE than conventional methods including Maceration (MAC), Stirring Extraction (SE), Heat reflux extraction (HRE), Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), as well as the antioxidant capacity. Conclusion. Microwave-assisted extraction showed obvious advantages in terms of high extraction efficiency and antioxidant activity of extract within shortest extraction time. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of ginger powder materials after different extractions were obtained to provide visual evidence of the disruption effect. To our best knowledge, this is the fi rst report about usage of MAE of 6-gingerol extraction from ginger, which could be referenced for the extraction of other active compounds from herbal plants.

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“…This may lead to the development of safer and more efficacious herbal therapies that gain clinical acceptance and increase adherence to herbal and classic therapies in patients choosing to self-treat with CAM. In the present study, we hypothesized that ginger and its active components (14)(15)(16) induce bronchodilation by modulating [Ca 21 ] i in ASM.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Ginger and Its Constituents on Airway Smooth Muscle Relaxation and Calcium Regulation

Townsend

Siviski

Zhang

et al. 2013

Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol

105

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The prevalence of asthma has increased in recent years, and is characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation. Many patients report using alternative therapies to self-treat asthma symptoms as adjuncts to short-acting and long-acting b-agonists and inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). As many as 40% of patients with asthma use herbal therapies to manage asthma symptoms, often without proven efficacy or known mechanisms of action. Therefore, investigations of both the therapeutic and possible detrimental effects of isolated components of herbal treatments on the airway are important. We hypothesized that ginger and its active components induce bronchodilation by modulating intracellular calcium ([Ca 21 ] i ) in airway smooth muscle (ASM). In isolated human ASM, ginger caused significant and rapid relaxation. Four purified constituents of ginger were subsequently tested for ASM relaxant properties in both guinea pig and human tracheas: ] i regulation. These purified compounds may provide a therapeutic option alone or in combination with accepted therapeutics, including b 2 -agonists, in airway diseases such as asthma.

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The Stability of Gingerol and Shogaol in Aqueous Solutions

Cited by 169 publications

References 11 publications

Zingiber officinale(Ginger): A Future Outlook on Its Potential in Prevention and Treatment of Diabetes and Prediabetic States

Zingiber officinale(Ginger): A Future Outlook on Its Potential in Prevention and Treatment of Diabetes and Prediabetic States

Optimized microwave-assisted extraction of 6-gingerol from Zingiber officinale Roscoeand evaluation of antioxidant activity in vitro

Effects of Ginger and Its Constituents on Airway Smooth Muscle Relaxation and Calcium Regulation

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