The Stability of Detonation.

Eyring, Henry; Powell, Richard E.; Duffy, George H.; Parlin, R.B.

doi:10.1021/cr60140a002

Cited by 253 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The hot spot concept and the spot-based mechanism of detonation initiation and development are the basic conception of the modern physics of explosion [1][2][3][4][5][6]. In the frames of this theory many phenomena are naturally explained by the fact that the shock wave contact with structural defects results in the localization of energy dissipation at detached spots.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical Simulation of Hot Spot Growth in Detonation with Regard to the Turbulent Mechanism of Energy Transfer

Yanilkin¹,

Morozov²,

Karpenko³

et al. 2015

JPSA

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Abstract:The paper presents the results of numerical modeling of hot spot growth process in detonation with account for turbulent mixing. The performed investigation has shown that large-scale HE (High explosives) particles mix up and split down to smaller sizes in the result of shock wave impact, instability development on the HE-EP (Explosion product) interface and vortex flow; at these sizes, due to the developed surface of the HE-EP contact, HE has enough time to get heated (energy transfer from EP), and the decomposition reaction effectively continues. Numerical modeling make the calculation of the hot spot growth rate (about 100-200 m/s) possible. This has proved the hypothesis saying that at mechanical material transport the turbulence in the reaction zone plays an important role and it must be taken into account in the detonation theory.Key words: Hot spot, detonation, turbulent mixing, numerical simulation. NomenclatureIf not additionally specified, the following notations and units are used in this paper: t

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…continues for about 1 ns and consists of the generation of localized heated spots in the vicinity of cavities and boundaries of the grains due to the effects of heated gas in the cavities, microcumulative effects when the cavities collapse, inter-grain friction and plastic deformations [3][4][5][6].…”

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confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation of Hot Spot Growth in Detonation with Regard to the Turbulent Mechanism of Energy Transfer

Yanilkin¹,

Morozov²,

Karpenko³

et al. 2015

JPSA

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“…Hence, maximum curvature, i.e., minimum radius, is likely at the critical diameter R=½dc d (6) At the critical diameter, 0.635 cm, and critical density, about 1.60 g/cm 3 , the measured detonation velocity is 5234 m/sec, and DD -6820 m/sec. These data give a reaction zone length of 0.21 mm as compared to 0.40 mm from Fig.…”

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confidence: 96%

Hydrodynamic Behavior of HBX-1 and Equation of State of the Detonation Products Below the Chapman-Jouguet State

Roslund¹,

Coleburn²

1970

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The stability to detonation and the expansion behavior of reaction products were studied for an aluminized explosive, HBX-1. The detonation velocity-charge diameter and detonation velocityloading density relationships were determined by streak camera techniques and electronic probe methods.These data gave reaction zone lengths which increase from 0.07 mm for an initial explosive density of 1.72 g/cm 3 to 1.5 mm. at 1.3 g/cm 3 . With the pressureparticle velocity relation established from 338,000 bars to 15 bars, and conditions in the C-J state (PCJ -220.4 kbars ) specified, the generalized hydrodynamic relations derived by Jones were used to evaluate the constants in an empirical equation of state and in the Wilkins equation of state as modified by Allan and Lambourn.

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“…1 suggests the need of a theory to explain the diverse eff seen in this type of data. In an early paper (2) it was shown 1 for a one-dimensional detonation, using the familiar con vation of mass, energy, and momentum equations and the A equation of state, P(V -a) = The symbols AQ, Cv, To) y, a, VO, and R are the heat of re tion, the mean specific heat at constant volume, the ambio temperature, the ratio of specific heats at constant pressure a constant volume, the excluded volume in the Abel equati the initial volume of the explosive, and the gas constant, spectively. that rarefaction wave out the back were prevented.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…3) and the resultant incomplete reaction of the explosive. The reaction zone length, a, is the distance from the front of the shock wave to the [2] Chapman-Jouguet surface, where the rarefaction wave begins. the We treat the burning zone of the explosive in Fig.…”

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Similarity and differences between conditions for initiation and failure of detonation

Eyring

Walker

et al. 1980

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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A theory is proposed to study the sensitivity of cylindrical explosives. Using the equations governing the conservation of mass, energy, and momentum, the equation of state, and Newtonian mechanics, we have derived the expression D = Doe-A2/d, in which the apparent length of the reaction zone, a, takes into account burned and unburned explosive and pressure release through the back and sides of the reaction zone. A fruitful source of experimental data has been the measi ment of the dependence, in the steady state, of detonation locity in a cylindrical explosive on the radius of the explo charge. In Fig. 1 (ref. 1, p. 42) we see detonation velocities plotted semilogarithmically against the reciprocal of the ameters (d) of cylindrical charges for four typical explosi Fig. 1 suggests the need of a theory to explain the diverse eff seen in this type of data. In an early paper (2) it was shown 1 for a one-dimensional detonation, using the familiar con vation of mass, energy, and momentum equations and the A equation of state, P(V -a) = creased escape area normal to the cylindrical axis and because of the length of the reaction zone (see Fig. 3) and the resultant incomplete reaction of the explosive. The reaction zone length, a, is the distance from the front of the shock wave to the [2] Chapman-Jouguet surface, where the rarefaction wave begins. the We treat the burning zone of the explosive in Fig. 3 as cyity.lindrical only as a matter of convenience, because we correct acthe calculated escape pressure by multiplying the normal surent face area, aird, by /1, which converts it to the effective escape md area on a par with the area ird2/4 of the base of the cylinder. on, When the length of the reaction zone, a, is short, #1I will be close reto unity. ely Fig. 2 As long as 2a1/d << 1 this is equally well written as P/Po = e-2ald [3] [4][5]The latter expression is satisfactory until the losses perpendicular Abbreviation: TNT, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene. 2358 The publication costs of this article were defrayed in part by page charge payment. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U. S. C. §1734 solely to indicate this fact.

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The Stability of Detonation.

Cited by 253 publications

References 18 publications

Numerical Simulation of Hot Spot Growth in Detonation with Regard to the Turbulent Mechanism of Energy Transfer

Numerical Simulation of Hot Spot Growth in Detonation with Regard to the Turbulent Mechanism of Energy Transfer

Hydrodynamic Behavior of HBX-1 and Equation of State of the Detonation Products Below the Chapman-Jouguet State

Similarity and differences between conditions for initiation and failure of detonation

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