The study evaluates the impact of air temperature on the pathogenesis and epidemiology of COVID-19, using the example of the pandemic wave caused by the Omicron strain in Tomsk. The results show that any short-term decrease in daily temperature by more than 3°C has a significant impact on the course of the disease in infected individuals, leading to an increase in severity and symptoms of the disease, and consequently, in the number of hospitalizations with a lag of 1-2 days after exposure. The findings can help healthcare systems and the population develop more effective preventive measures and protect those at greatest risk from serious complications. The study also highlights the potential use of temperature changes to predict hospitalizations, aiding clinics and medical facilities in quickly preparing for an influx of critically ill patients. Further detailed research is required.