The spontaneous use of memory aids at different educational levels

Soler, María José; Ruíz, Juan Carlos

doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-0720(199602)10:1<41::aid-acp361>3.0.co;2-1

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Past findings on other aspects of PM have shown a fairly consistent pattern, with females outscoring males on perceived task importance (Penningroth & Scott, 2013), strategy use (Soler & Ruiz, 1996;Uttl & Kibreab, 2011;Yoder & Herrmann, 2003), and actual performance (e.g., Huppert, Johnson, & Nickson, 2000;Maylor & Logie, 2010). Past findings on other aspects of PM have shown a fairly consistent pattern, with females outscoring males on perceived task importance (Penningroth & Scott, 2013), strategy use (Soler & Ruiz, 1996;Uttl & Kibreab, 2011;Yoder & Herrmann, 2003), and actual performance (e.g., Huppert, Johnson, & Nickson, 2000;Maylor & Logie, 2010).…”

mentioning

confidence: 88%

Task Importance Effects on Prospective Memory Strategy Use

Penningroth

Scott

2013

Applied Cognitive Psychology

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Mnemonic strategies generally improve prospective memory (PM) performance. However, little is known about why people use such strategies. In the Motivational-Cognitive Prospective Memory model, task importance is thought to influence performance via multiple mechanisms, including increased strategy use. Our main purpose was to test this mechanism: higher PM task importance was hypothesized to cause greater strategy use. We also tested whether importance would specifically increase the use of more effective (external) strategies. Participants reported their strategy use for two hypothetical PM tasks. As predicted, they listed more strategies for more important tasks. This result demonstrates one mechanism for motivational effects in early phases of the task. We found weaker support for the prediction that participants would selectively increase their use of better strategies for more important tasks. This finding supports a relatively pessimistic view of meta-memory in PM, at least when it comes to modulating one's use of dependable strategies.

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mentioning

confidence: 88%

Task Importance Effects on Prospective Memory Strategy Use

Penningroth

Scott

2013

Applied Cognitive Psychology

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“…First, research has revealed a female advantage on several motivational variables including higher scores on conscientiousness (Soto et al 2011), greater certainty about career aspirations (Gutman and Schoon 2012), and a motivational boost to memory performance for Eur J Ageing (2013) 10:211-221 213 a list when it has a gender-matched label (e.g., a ''grocery list'' label; Colley et al 2002). Second, females have shown advantages on other aspects of prospective memory that are correlated with higher importance ratings, including more successful performance rates (Ceci and Bronfenbrenner 1985;Huppert et al 2000;Maylor and Logie 2010) and greater use of memory strategies (Penningroth and Scott unpublished manuscript;Soler and Ruiz 1996). Therefore, our tentative prediction for this hypothesis was that females would provide higher importance ratings for their real-life prospective memory tasks than males.…”

Section: Gender Differencesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Prospective memory tasks related to goals and concerns are rated as more important by both young and older adults

Penningroth

Scott

2013

Eur J Ageing

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There has been little research on variables that affect importance ratings for real prospective memory tasks (e.g., remembering to take medications). Our primary purpose was to test a claim in the motivational-cognitive model of prospective memory, namely that prospective memory tasks highly related to a person's goals and concerns will be rated as more important. We also tested whether this relationship held in both young and older adults. A secondary purpose was to investigate age-related differences in the perceived importance of prospective memory tasks. Older adults and two younger adult groups completed a questionnaire that assessed current prospective memory tasks, their importance, and whether the tasks were related to participants' goals and concerns. As predicted, participants provided higher importance ratings for prospective memory tasks that were highly relevant to their personal goals or concerns, and this was true for both young and older adults. Task importance ratings did not differ for older adults and young college students; however, young nonstudents rated their prospective memory tasks as less important than the other two groups. In all three groups, females gave higher prospective memory task importance ratings than males. In conclusion, our findings suggest that the importance of a prospective memory task is partly determined by its goal-relatedness. This newly demonstrated link suggests important avenues for future research, including research on the mechanisms through which goals improve prospective memory performance.

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“…Although spontaneous use of formal mnemonics is infrequent (Intons-Peterson and Fournier, 1986;Soler and Ruiz, 1996), this does not mean that selfgenerated mnemonics are more useful. For example, Wang and Thomas (2000) examined the effectiveness of the method of loci, the peg-word method, selfgenerated organizational and imagery mnemonics, and rote rehearsal in determining serial recall.…”

Section: Practical Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%