The Spiritualist Medium: A Study of Female Professionalism in Victorian America

Moore, R. Laurence

doi:10.2307/2712342

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…This claim is not new. In the mid-1800s, Spiritualist Mediums were seen as lacking purportedly masculine characteristics like sound reasoning and strong will-power whilst excelling in supposedly feminine qualities like intuitiveness, empathy and impressionability, the latter implicating heightened receptiveness to "outside influences" including spirits of the deceased (Moore, 1975). The notion of the female sensitive was further enhanced by broader socio-cultural factors.…”

Section: Gender Role Orientation and Adult Paranormality: Consistent mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Parallel terms indicative of a masculine gender role (e.g., "psychological masculinity", "masculinized") are contrasted with male biological sex (see Bem, 1974;1981). Nevertheless, based on historical accounts (Moore, 1975) and following more recent empirical evidence (Leonard, 2006;Simmonds-Moore & Moore, 2009) more psychologically feminine individuals are expected to report more anomalous experiences and belief than those reporting less pronounced femininity.…”

Section: Gender Role Orientation and Adult Paranormality: Consistent mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stone (2016) found paranormal practitioners reported higher preference for intuitive thinking than non-practitioner believers and paranormal skeptics. One possibility is that individuals claiming to be paranormally gifted view intuition and psychic ability to be essentially the same process (Rogers & Wiseman, 2010) and consequently, base their selfproclaimed paranormal ability on stereotypically "feminine" qualities like heightened intuitive sensitivity (Blackmore, 1994;Leonard, 2006;Moore, 1975). Given expected associations between gender role orientation and the four facets of adult paranormality outlined above, stronger intuitive thinking should predict with more anomalous experiences, belief, ability and fear, with the opposite true for stronger rational thinking.…”

Section: Thinking Style Preference and Adult Paranormalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gender role orientation, thinking style preference and facets of adult paranormality: A mediation analysis

Rogers

Hattersley

French

2019

Consciousness and Cognition

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This study examines the extent to which masculine and feminine gender role orientations predict self-reported anomalous experiences, belief, ability and fear once relevant correlates including biological sex are controlled for. The extent to which rational versus intuitive thinking style preference mediates these relationships is also examined. Path analysis (n=332) found heightened femininity directly predicts stronger intuitive preference plus more anomalous experiences, belief and fear with, additionally, intuitive preference mediating several gender role-paranormality relationships. By comparison, heightened masculinity directly predicts both thinking styles plus lower anomalous fear. The latter relationship is also shaped by the nature of mediators with (a) more anomalous experiences and belief leading to more anomalous fear and (b) either heightened rationality else more anomalous ability leading to, conversely, less anomalous fear. The extent to which findings support a gender (or social) role account of adult paranormality, together with methodological limitations and ideas for future research, is discussed.

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Section: Gender Role Orientation and Adult Paranormality: Consistent mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gender Role Orientation and Adult Paranormality: Consistent mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Thinking Style Preference and Adult Paranormalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Gender role orientation, thinking style preference and facets of adult paranormality: A mediation analysis

Rogers

Hattersley

French

2019

Consciousness and Cognition

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“…According to Drew (2017, 37), "this un-professionalized profession provided women in the spiritualist movement with the means of gaining not just spiritual, but financial autonomy". The emergence of mediumship as a profession in the nineteenth-century was also acknowledged by Moore (1975), for whom mediumship was "one of the few career opportunities open to women in the nineteenth century".…”

Section: A Feminine and Pure Vesselmentioning

confidence: 99%

“She Must Be a Pure Vessel”: An Examination of a Spirit Medium Persona

Bomfim

2019

Pers Stud

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Rosemary Brown (1916Brown ( -2001 is certainly a highly unusual case in music history. In the 1960s, she started to notate hundreds of musical pieces that she attributed to the spirits of several great concert music composers with whom she claimed to be in touch as a spirit medium. Brown also furnishes a promising persona case study. In order to convince the public that her music had a spiritual origin, she described herself (and was described) as a simple housewife and mother with no profound musical knowledge, therefore hardly capable of writing original musical pieces in the styles of acclaimed composers. The purpose of this paper is first, to provide an examination of Rosemary Brown's public persona; second, to relate it to the spiritualist tradition, in order to demonstrate that the constituent elements of Rosemary Brown's persona were available in the spiritualist cultural repertoire; and third, to relate this same persona to the implications of gender in the understanding of mediumship among spiritualists.

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“…It may be interesting to here note that during this period in Spiritualist thought, electricity indicated the presence of otherworldly spirits. For the connection between insanity and the Spiritualist movement, see: Andrews, 2005; Moore, 1975.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Occasionally heard to be answering voices’: aural culture and the ritual of psychiatric audition, 1877–1911

Brian

2012

Hist Psychiatry

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This essay argues that historians will gain a deeper understanding of the nosological ritual and the professionals who enacted it by placing internal developments of late nineteenth-century psychiatry alongside the synchronic rise of the linguistic sciences. Doing so demonstrates that, contrary to historical consensus, what fell out of favour were traditional methods of observation rather than the practice of classification itself. Through an analysis of the aural culture at St Elizabeths Hospital (Washington, DC) between 1877 and 1911 as evidenced by patient case files and diagnostic training manuals, I focus on shifting methods of psychiatric audition as primary sites of professional claims to legitimacy at a time when the specialty was under attack from critics both external and internal.

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The Spiritualist Medium: A Study of Female Professionalism in Victorian America

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Gender role orientation, thinking style preference and facets of adult paranormality: A mediation analysis

Gender role orientation, thinking style preference and facets of adult paranormality: A mediation analysis

“She Must Be a Pure Vessel”: An Examination of a Spirit Medium Persona

‘Occasionally heard to be answering voices’: aural culture and the ritual of psychiatric audition, 1877–1911

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