The spine tissues in the echinoid Eucidaris tribuloides

Märkel, Konrad; Röser, Ursula

doi:10.1007/bf00312056

Cited by 59 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…These sites, the test of the sea urchin and the ambulacrum of the sea star, are heavily impregnated with calcium salts and pose a number of preparative challenges when trying to eliminate the calcium without damaging the soft tissues. Application of EDTA to echinoid tissues (Mä rkel and Röser, 1983) and ascorbic acid to asteroid tissues (Dietrich and Fontaine, 1975;Cavey and Yeung, 1991;Cavey, 1998a) have begun to reveal areas Fig. 15.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Organization of the coelomic lining and a juxtaposed nerve plexus in the suckered tube feet of Parastichopus californicus (Echinodermata: Holothuroida)

Cavey

2005

Journal of Morphology

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The coelomic lining of the water-vascular canal in a suckered tube foot from the sea cucumber, Parastichopus californicus, is a pseudostratified myoepithelium consisting of flagellated adluminal cells and myofilament-bearing retractor cells. The bodies of adluminal cells flank the water-vascular canal and send basal processes between the underlying retractor cells to confront the podial connective tissue. Retractor cells have a contractile apparatus of unregistered thick and thin myofilaments. The contractile apparatus is confined to the medullary sarcoplasm and oriented parallel to the primary axis of a tube foot. The bodies and processes of retractor cells intermingle with the basal processes of adluminal cells at the basal lamina of the coelomic lining. A ganglionated nerve plexus in the podial connective tissue approximates the basal lamina. Neuronal connectives link the ganglia to one another and to the nerve plexus in deep sectors of the podial epidermis. External laminae enveloping the ganglia and connectives in the podial connective tissue are continuous with the basal lamina of the epidermis. The adventitial nerve plexus, since it merges with the epidermal nerve plexus, is a component of the ectoneural division of the echinoderm nervous system.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Organization of the coelomic lining and a juxtaposed nerve plexus in the suckered tube feet of Parastichopus californicus (Echinodermata: Holothuroida)

Cavey

2005

Journal of Morphology

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“…Most skeletal elements show X-ray diffraction patterns of single magnesium-calcite crystals (Donnay and Pawson, 1969;Donnay, 1975). Fully grown primary spines of the echinoid basal group cidaroids have the peculiarity of being devoid of epidermis, and so the skeleton is in direct contact with seawater (Prouho, 1887;Märkel and Röser, 1983). Cidaroid spines are also unusual in being composed of a central zone of classical monocrystalline stereom and a special outer polycrystalline layer, the socalled cortex; whereas the spines of other sea urchins (euechinoids) are made only of classical stereom (Figs.…”

Section: The Skeleton Of Postmetamorphic Echinodermsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Skeleton of Postmetamorphic Echinoderms in a Changing World

Dúbois

2014

The Biological Bulletin

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Abstract. Available evidence on the impact of acidification and its interaction with warming on the skeleton of postmetamorphic (juvenile and adult) echinoderms is reviewed. Data are available on sea urchins, starfish, and brittle stars in 33 studies. Skeleton growth of juveniles of all sea urchin species studied so far is affected from pH 7.8 to 7.6 in seawater, values that are expected to be reached during the 21st century. Growth in adult sea urchins (six species studied) is apparently only marginally affected at seawater pH relevant to this century. The interacting effect of temperature differed according to studies. Juvenile starfish as well as adults seem to be either not impacted or even boosted by acidification. Brittle stars show moderate effects at pH below or equal to 7.4. Dissolution of the body wall skeleton is unlikely to be a major threat to sea urchins. Spines, however, due to their exposed position, are more prone to this threat, but their regeneration abilities can probably ensure their maintenance, although this could have an energetic cost and induce changes in resource allocation. No information is available on skeleton dissolution in starfish, and the situation in brittle stars needs further assessment. Very preliminary evidence indicates that mechanical properties in sea urchins could be affected. So, although the impact of ocean acidification on the skeleton of echinoderms has been considered as a major threat from the first studies, we need a better understanding of the induced changes, in particular the functional consequences of growth modifications and dissolution related to mechanical properties. It is suggested to focus studies on these aspects.

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“…1969) and Strongylocentrotus nudus (Kerkis and Isaeva 1984), the tests of Strongyfocentrotus droebachiensis (Vocisano 1972) and Strongylocentrotus intermedius Yamada 1976, 1980), the spines of Echinus esculentus (Pilkington 1969), Strongylocentrotus purpuratus (Heatfield and Travis 1975a), S. intermedius Yamada 1976, 1980) and Eucidaris tribufoides (Markel and Roser 1983a), and the tooth of Paracentrotus fividus (Kniprath 1974). In addition, mineral elements also are present in the soft tissues of the tube feet, gut and gonads.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Ultrastructure of the Plumula of the Tooth of Lytechinus variegatus (Echinodermata: Echinoidea)

Chen

Lawrence

1986

Acta Zoologica

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Chen, C.-P., Lawrence, J . M. 1986. The ultrastructure of the plumula of the tooth of Lytechinus variegatus (Echinodermata: Echinoidea). (Department of Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, U.S.A.)-Acfa zoo/. (Stockh.) 67. 3 H 1 .The plumula is enclosed by a single layer of epithelial cells. There are two types of odontoblasts: syncytial and free odontoblasts. Syncytial odontoblasts are arranged linearly on the abaxial side and have a highly active Golgi complex, rough endoplasmic reticulum, large and round mitochondria, and small coated vesicles indicative of a high level of secretory activity. Free odontoblasts cluster on the adaxial side and have patchy chromatin and little cytoplasm. The free odontoblasts migrate to the abaxial side, where their structure changes to that of syncytial odontoblasts. Calcareous deposits are formed intracellularly by syncytial odontoblasts within two membranes: an outer plasma membrane and an inner vacuolar membrane. The vacuolar membrane has organic particles on the surface of the membrane. There is no trace of organic matter within the calcareous deposit. Fibroblasts are located on the adaxial side. Collagen fibers are located primarily on the adaxial side adjacent to the calcareous depositing membranes and between free odontoblasts, but they are not located in the deposits. Collagen fibers may play a role in cell migration and thus in calcification. The morphological changes of the plumulae are closely related to calcification. Chang-Po Chen, Institute of Zoology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan, R. 0. C. Ultrastructure of Sea-Urchin Plumula 41 Vocisano, R. A. 1972. Calcification in echinoderms: regeneration of the test of the sea urchin Sfrongylocenfrofus droebachiensis. Masters Thesis, McGill University, Montreal, Canada. Weiner, S. 1985. Organic matrixlike macromolecules associated with the mineral phase of sea urchin skeletal plates and teeth. J . exp. Zool. 234, 7-15.

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The spine tissues in the echinoid Eucidaris tribuloides

Cited by 59 publications

References 15 publications

Organization of the coelomic lining and a juxtaposed nerve plexus in the suckered tube feet of Parastichopus californicus (Echinodermata: Holothuroida)

Organization of the coelomic lining and a juxtaposed nerve plexus in the suckered tube feet of Parastichopus californicus (Echinodermata: Holothuroida)

The Skeleton of Postmetamorphic Echinoderms in a Changing World

The Ultrastructure of the Plumula of the Tooth of Lytechinus variegatus (Echinodermata: Echinoidea)

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