“…Based on the concept of APRS, a variety of probes have been invented, such as the plasma resonance probe [4,5,17], curling probe [6,7,18], hairpin probe [8,9,19,20], and Multipole Resonance Probe (MRP) [1,[10][11][12]21]. As an optimized realization of APRS, the MRP allows a unique resonance peak in its spectrum and a simple relation between the resonance and the electron plasma frequency.…”