The Spermine Oxidase/Spermine Axis Coordinates ATG5‐Mediated Autophagy to Orchestrate Renal Senescence and Fibrosis
Dan Luo,
Xiaohui Lu,
Hongyu Li
et al.
Abstract:Decreased plasma spermine levels are associated with kidney dysfunction. However, the role of spermine in kidney disease remains largely unknown. Herein, it is demonstrated that spermine oxidase (SMOX), a key enzyme governing polyamine metabolism, is predominantly induced in tubular epithelium of human and mouse fibrotic kidneys, alongside a reduction in renal spermine content in mice. Moreover, renal SMOX expression is positively correlated with kidney fibrosis and function decline in patients with chronic ki… Show more
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