The spermatogenesis and sperm structure of Acerentomon microrhinus (Protura, Hexapoda) with considerations on the phylogenetic position of the taxon

Dallai, Romano; Mercati, David; Bu, Yun; Yao, Yin; Callaini, Giuliano; Riparbelli, Maria Giovanna

doi:10.1007/s00435-009-0100-1

Cited by 24 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…Although scale insects, Sciaridae, and Cecidomyiidae display the largest variety of unusual centriole structures by far, a few other insect groups have variable centrioles that lack nine‐fold symmetry. Examples include the proturans (Dallai et al ., ) and some trichopterans (Dallai et al ., ). The reproductive biology of both groups has been poorly studied, and it would be of great interest to see whether PGE might be found in these groups upon further investigation.…”

Section: Ultraconserved or Ultravariablementioning

confidence: 97%

“…In the springtails with PGE, the axoneme structure is well studied and appears to adhere to the classic 9 + 9 + 2 structure typical of most insects and their close relatives (Dallai, ). Interestingly however, the Protura, the closest out‐group of springtails, does show an unusual axoneme structure (14 + 0) (Dallai et al ., ). Another taxonomic group with PGE that shows unusual sperm axonemes are the sucking lice (Anoplura), where the sperm flagellum has not one but two axonemes, derived from two separate centrioles (Baccetti et al ., ).…”

Section: Ultraconserved or Ultravariablementioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolutionary problems in centrosome and centriole biology

Ross

Normark

2015

J of Evolutionary Biology

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Centrosomes have been an enigma to evolutionary biologists. Either they have been the subject of ill‐founded speculation or they have been ignored. Here, we highlight evolutionary paradoxes and problems of centrosome and centriole evolution and seek to understand them in the light of recent advances in centrosome biology. Most evolutionary accounts of centrosome evolution have been based on the hypothesis that centrosomes are replicators, independent of the nucleus and cytoplasm. It is now clear, however, that this hypothesis is not tenable. Instead, centrosomes are formed de novo each cell division, with the presence of an old centrosome regulating, but not essential for, the assembly of a new one. Centrosomes are the microtubule‐organizing centres of cells. They can potentially affect sensory and motor characters (as the basal body of cilia), as well as the movements of chromosomes during cell division. This latter role does not seem essential, however, except in male meiosis, and the reasons for this remain unclear. Although the centrosome is absent in some taxa, when it is present, its structure is extraordinarily conserved: in most taxa across eukaryotes, it does not appear to evolve at all. And yet a few insect groups display spectacular hypertrophy of the centrioles. We discuss how this might relate to the unusual reproductive system found in these insects. Finally, we discuss why the fate of centrosomes in sperm and early embryos might differ between different groups of animals.

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Section: Ultraconserved or Ultravariablementioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Ultraconserved or Ultravariablementioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary problems in centrosome and centriole biology

Ross

Normark

2015

J of Evolutionary Biology

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“…(E) Distribution of spermatids containing either a centriolar midpiece or an axonemal midpiece across animal phylogeny. Based on (Afzelius, 1955; Al-Dokhi et al, 2007; Dallai et al, 1995; Dallai et al, 2010; Hess et al, 1991; Iomini and Justine, 1997; Lipke et al, 2009; Mattei, 1988; Medina, 1994; Mita and Nakamura, 1992; Reger and Cooper, 1968; Reunov and Klepal, 2003; Sato et al, 1967; Scheltinga et al, 2003; Silveira and Porter, 1964; Smita et al, 2004; Vignoli et al, 2008)…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Transition Zone Migration: A Mechanism for Cytoplasmic Ciliogenesis and Postaxonemal Centriole Elongation

Avidor‐Reiss

Basiri

2017

Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol

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The cilium is an elongated and continuous structure that spans two major subcellular domains. The cytoplasmic domain contains a short centriole, which serves to nucleate the main projection of the cilium. This projection, known as the axoneme, remains separated from the cytoplasm by a specialized gatekeeping complex within a ciliary subdomain called the transition zone. In this way, the axoneme is compartmentalized. Intriguingly, however, this general principle of cilium biology is altered in the sperm cells of many animals, which instead contain a cytoplasmic axoneme domain. Here, we discuss the hypothesis that the formation of specialized sperm giant centrioles and cytoplasmic cilia is mediated by the migration of the transition zone from its typical location as part of a structure known as the annulus, and examine the intrinsic properties of the transition zone that may facilitate its migratory behavior.

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“…The acrosome vesicle is missing in Acerentomon (Protura) (Dallai et al. ), Mastotermes , Peruphasma (Euphasmatodea), Hydropsyche (Trichoptera), Micropterix (Lepidoptera) (Jamieson et al. ) and Dichochrysa (Neuroptera, present in Hemerobius ) (Zizzari et al.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The evolution of insect sperm − an unusual character system in a megadiverse group

Gottardo

Dallai

Mercati

et al. 2016

J Zool Syst Evol Res

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Spermatozoa provide an unusual character system, with a limited number of components organized in a single cell. Similar spermatozoa occur in groups widely separated in the phylogenetic tree of Metazoa. Nevertheless, the character system contains phylogenetic information. Hexapoda have acquired spermatophores along with the switch from aquatic to terrestrial habitats, and related to this, a multitude of different sperm types. The aim of this study is a formal evaluation of the phylogenetic information content of spermatozoa. For the first time, sperm characters are coded for formal phylogenetic analyses. Different approaches are used and compared. Mainly due to a high level of homoplasy, the evaluation of sperm characters alone is insufficient for a reconstruction of the phylogeny of the group. Yet, a reliable reconstruction of the evolution of insect sperm is possible when character transformations are assessed using a phylogeny based on extensive molecular data. Important changes took place in the early evolution of Hexapoda. Sperm characters support some major clades (e.g. Hexapoda, Dicondylia, Polyneoptera, Psocodea), but important steps in the evolution are not reflected by transformations of spermatozoa, notably the rise of Pterygota or Holometabola. Important innovations are the formation of mitochondrial derivatives and the acquisition of accessory microtubules. Some features are conservative, whereas others evolved rapidly (e.g. presence or absence of the acrosome vesicle). Some groups are conservative in their sperm features (e.g. Odonata, Heteroptera), whereas the evolution of spermatozoa was distinctly accelerated in others (e.g. Ephemeroptera). The rate of evolution can change drastically in closely related groups. Profound changes in the morphologically uniform Zoraptera underline that sperm evolution can follow a pattern very different from the general somatic morphology. The mode of character reconstruction preferred here will be useful for the evaluation of specialized morphological character systems and strengthen the concept of evolutionary morphology.

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The spermatogenesis and sperm structure of Acerentomon microrhinus (Protura, Hexapoda) with considerations on the phylogenetic position of the taxon

Cited by 24 publications

References 84 publications

Evolutionary problems in centrosome and centriole biology

Evolutionary problems in centrosome and centriole biology

Transition Zone Migration: A Mechanism for Cytoplasmic Ciliogenesis and Postaxonemal Centriole Elongation

The evolution of insect sperm − an unusual character system in a megadiverse group

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