The Spectrum of Preaxial Polydactyly of the Foot

Abstract

In our opinion, the Watanabe classification is more useful than the Venn-Watson for surgical planning. However, we have added an additional type, representing a mirror foot which we feel is within the overall spectrum of preaxial polydactyly. Good or better results were obtained in all feet at final follow-up. Early detection and adequate excision of the longitudinal bracket affecting the phalanges or metatarsal can reduce residual deformity and the need for revision surgery.

Treatment of Longitudinal Epiphyseal Bracket by Excision and Polymethylmethacrylate Insertion at the Preossified Disease Stage

“…However, recurrence of the deformity was more likely, because the longitudinal bar or "bracket" of the diaphysis persisted (3,5,10). Resection of the tethering bracket epiphysis is mandatory and allows restoration of the longitudinal growth and correction of angular deformity.…”

“…They classified foot polydactyly into 3 broad groups: medial ray, central ray, and lateral ray, with each group further subdivided into tarsal, metatarsal, proximal phalangeal, and distal phalangeal subgroups (4). Early detection and adequate excision of an LEB can reduce the risk of residual deformity and the need for revision surgery (5).…”

A rare case of unilateral postaxial duplicated foot in a developmentally normal child

“…6 An existing literature described mirror foot as an extreme spectrum of preaxial polydactyly, where the duplicated anatomical elements involved are the tibial aspect foot skeletal structures, in combination with fibular hemimelia and absent great toe. 7 Mirror foot has to be distinguished from our case where the extra digits involved here were the rays of the fibular side (postaxial). While most publications reported diplopodia with duplicated structures on the medial or tibial aspect, 1,3,8-11 a more recent publication by Hocaoglu et al 12 has extended the traditional description of diplopodia to structural elements of the fibular side, which is similar to our case.…”

Preaxial Polydactyly of Foot, Report of a Rare Case

“…Syndromes associated with polydactyly include Ellis-van Creveld syndrome, trisomy13, tibial hemimelia, and trisomy 21 (6, 7). Lateral ray or postaxial polydactyly is the most common foot polydactyly, occurring in 80% of cases, followed by medial or preaxial ones (15%) and the least frequent is central polydactyly (8,9). Males and females are almost equally affected, and unilateral involvement is twice as common as bilateral involvement.…”