The spectrum of polyneuropathies in patients infected with HIV.

Léger, J.-M.; Bouché, P; Bolgert, Françis; Chaunu, Marie‐Pierre; Rosenheim, M.; Cathala, H.P.; Gentilini, M; Hauw, Jean‐Jacques; Brunet, P

doi:10.1136/jnnp.52.12.1369

Cited by 85 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Hepatitis B and C serology and viral load should be considered in the investigations. Pathologically, there is epineurial and endoneurial perivascular inflammatory infiltration, 43 and some patients have presented evidence of a necrotizing vasculitis (Fig. 2).…”

Section: Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathymentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The clinical features are often typical of the non-HIV counterpart. 3,43 For those patients in whom the underlying pathology is that of a vasculitis, there may be evidence of a vasculitis elsewhere, especially in the skin and joints. Neurophysiologic studies confirm the presence of a multifocal neuropathy, usually axonal in type.…”

Section: Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The peripheral nerve complications of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection

Brew

2003

Muscle and Nerve

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Peripheral nerve complications occurring in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are frequent and challenging. This review discusses these various complications according to the degree of advancement of HIV disease. Particular emphasis is placed upon emerging causes of neuropathy found in the context of HIV disease, such as infection with hepatitis C and human T-lymphotropic virus type I, as well as neuropathies related to antiretroviral medications.

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Section: Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathymentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathymentioning

confidence: 99%

The peripheral nerve complications of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection

Brew

2003

Muscle and Nerve

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“…Patients with SLE may rarely develop a GBS-like syndrome, however, characterized by axonal loss, and raised spinal fluid protein and cells. In addition, necrotizing vasculitis may be seen in neuropathy in patients with HIV infection and in hepatitis B and C [22,34,55,58,99,123]. Isolated vasculitis neuropathy is primarily seen in the elderly.…”

Section: Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If the leukocyte count is raised above this limit, underlying neuro-borreliosis, sarcoid or HIV may be suspected [30,99,119,131]. The protein content in the spinal fluid may not be raised until 10 days after onset of disease and lumbar puncture may need to be repeated if the diagnosis remains doubtful.…”

Section: ■ Laboratory Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of acute neuropathies

Crone

Krarup

2007

J Neurol

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Acute and subacute polyneuropathies present diagnostic challenges since many require prompt initiation of treatment in order to limit axonal degeneration and since an exact and detailed diagnosis is a prerequisite for making the correct choice of treatment. It is for instance of utmost importance to recognize whether the underlying pathological changes are due to demyelination or to axonal degeneration and electrodiagnostic tests can thus in most cases contribute considerably to the securing of an exact diagnosis. The specific and characteristic electrophysiological findings in the different types of acute and subacute neuropathies are discussed, and the various electrophysiological pitfalls and technical problems, which are met in these patients, are mentioned.

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“…The mean estimated known duration of HIV seropositivity was 3.5 years (range 0. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. At the time of the study, six patients were on no medication and 14 were receiving zidovudine (AZT).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensorimotor Neuropathy and Abnormal Vitamin B₁₂ Metabolism in Early HIV Infection

Veilleux

Paltiel

Falutz

1995

Can. j. neurol. sci.

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Distal sensory peripheral neuropathy (DSPN) has been reported in 5 to 75% of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, particularly in advanced stages of the disease. Twenty HIV seropositive patients were studied prospectively to determine the frequency of DSPN in clinical stage II and III of the HIV infection, and to investigate the role of vitamin B 12 deficiency on the frequency of DSPN in HIV patients. All patients had complete blood count, serum vitamin B ]2 level, anti-intrinsic factor antibody, Schilling test, and electrodiagnostic studies including nerve conduction studies and concentric needle examination in the lower extremities, and sympathetic skin responses. Only 1 patient (5%) had clinical and electrophysiological evidence of possible DSPN. Of the 6 patients with abnormal Schilling test, only one had DSPN based on distal sensory symptoms, abnormal neurological examination and electrodiagnostic studies. Evidence for possible DSPN was present in 5% of patients with early HIV infection and did not appear to be more frequent in patients with concurrent vitamin B | 2 deficiency. RESUME: Frequence de la polynevrite sensitivomotrice distale et metabolisme anormal de la vitamine B |2 en phase precoce de 1'infection par le VIH. Une polynevrite sensitive distale (PSD) a ete rapportee chez 5 a 75% des patients atteints d'une infection par le virus de rimmunodeficience humaine (VIH), surtout en phase avancde de la maladie. Nous avons fait une etude prospective de vingt patients sero-positifs pour le VIH afin de determiner la frequence de la PSD dans les stages cliniques II et III de l'infection par le VIH et d'investiguer I'influence d'un deficit en vitamine B ]2 sur la frequence de la PSD chez ces patients. Tous les patients ont eu une formule sanguine complete, un dosage de la vitamine B 12 et des anticorps diriges contre le facteur intrinseque, un test de Schilling et des etudes electrodiagnostiques, incluant des etudes de la conduction nerveuse et de la discrimination spatiale aux membres inferieurs, et des reponses cutanees sympathiques (RCS). Seulement 1 patient (5%) avait des manifestations cliniques et electrophysiologiques compatibles avec une PSD. Parmi les 6 patients qui avaient un test de Schilling anormal, seulement un avait une PSD documented par des symptomes sensitifs distaux, un examen neurologique et des etudes electrodiagnostiques anormales. Des manifestations compatibles avec une PSD fitaient presentes chez 5% des patients en phase precoce de l'infection par le VIH et ne semblaient pas etre plus frequentes chez les patients qui avaient une deficience concomitante en vitamine B 12 .

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The spectrum of polyneuropathies in patients infected with HIV.

Cited by 85 publications

References 19 publications

The peripheral nerve complications of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection

The peripheral nerve complications of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection

Diagnosis of acute neuropathies

Sensorimotor Neuropathy and Abnormal Vitamin B₁₂ Metabolism in Early HIV Infection

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The spectrum of polyneuropathies in patients infected with HIV.

Cited by 85 publications

References 19 publications

The peripheral nerve complications of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection

The peripheral nerve complications of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection

Diagnosis of acute neuropathies

Sensorimotor Neuropathy and Abnormal Vitamin B12 Metabolism in Early HIV Infection

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Sensorimotor Neuropathy and Abnormal Vitamin B₁₂ Metabolism in Early HIV Infection