The Spectral Tarsier

Gursky, Sharon

doi:10.4324/9781315662725

Cited by 19 publications

(48 citation statements)

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“…Rainfall averaged approximately 2,300 m annually, with most rainfall occurring between November and April [World Wildlife Fund, 1980;Gursky, 1997]. Additional details concerning the habitat type at Tangkoko Nature Reserve can be found in Gursky [1997Gursky [ , 2007.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Spectral tarsiers also exhibit a tremendous amount of site fidelity. Both males and females are known to disperse from the natal territory, but males usually disperse much further and at an earlier age [Gursky, 2007;GurskyDoyen, 2010]. Spectral tarsiers at Tangkoko Nature Reserve primarily utilized strangling Ficus trees for their sleeping sites [MacKinnon and MacKinnon, 1980;Gursky, 1997].…”

Section: Study Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over the last several decades, primatologists have made tremendous strides in studying the behavior of the nocturnal primates [Harcourt and Nash, 1986;Bearder, 1999;Radespiel et al, 2003;Pimley et al, 2005;Gursky, 2007;Nekaris and Bearder, 2011]. One of the easiest modes of behavior to study among the nocturnal species has been their vocal communication system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, acoustic studies of the tarsiers have predominantly focused on the duet call [MacKinnon and MacKinnon, 1980;Niemitz, 1984;Gursky, 1997Gursky, , 2007Nietsch and Kopp, 1998;Nietsch, 1999;Merker and Groves, 2006]. The duet call, which is in reality a family chorus, not only transmits the relative location of the signaler, but the call can be easily heard from the range of neighboring tarsier groups (300-500 m away).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The duet call, which is in reality a family chorus, not only transmits the relative location of the signaler, but the call can be easily heard from the range of neighboring tarsier groups (300-500 m away). The duet call has been interpreted to be the principal means by which spectral tarsier groups reunite in the morning after a night of foraging, as well as advertising the integrity of the social group to neighboring groups [MacKinnon and MacKinnon, 1980;Niemitz, 1984;Gursky, 2007].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultrasonic Vocalizations by the Spectral Tarsier, Tarsius spectrum

Gursky¹

2015

IJFP

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Although the vocalizations of spectral tarsiers have been studied for over 3 decades by numerous primatologists, the data in this paper represent the first evidence that this species communicates in the ultrasonic range. In addition, this paper characterizes the types of ultrasonic vocalizations by spectral tarsiers, Tarsius spectrum. Data were collected at Tangkoko Nature Reserve in Sulawesi, Indonesia, from January through April 2013. Recordings were made on a Wildlife Acoustics Ultrasonic Song Meter BAT2 from 10 groups of varying sizes and compositions. The ultrasonic recorder was placed at the base of the group's sleeping tree and recorded from 5.00 to 7.00 h using an omnidirectional microphone. The ultrasonic vocalizations fell into 5 main categories: chirps, twitters, choruses, doubles and whistles. Chirps were the most frequent ultrasonic vocalizations, followed by twitters, choruses, doubles and then whistles. While chirps, twitters and choruses extended from the audible to the ultrasonic range, the doubles and whistles were pure ultrasound. Currently, the function of these ultrasonic vocalizations is not yet clear and requires additional research.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultrasonic Vocalizations by the Spectral Tarsier, Tarsius spectrum

Gursky¹

2015

IJFP

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Primate Locomotion

and¹,

Young²

2023

A Companion to Biological Anthropology

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Non‐human primates avoid the detrimental effects of prenatal androgen exposure in mixed‐sex litters: combined demographic, behavioral, and genetic analyses

Bradley

Snowdon

McGrew

et al. 2016

American J Primatol

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Producing single versus multiple births has important life history trade-offs, including the potential benefits and risks of sharing a common in utero environment. Sex hormones can diffuse through amniotic fluid and fetal membranes, and females with male littermates risk exposure to high levels of fetal testosterone, which are shown to have masculinizing effects and negative fitness consequences in many mammals. Whereas most primates give birth to single offspring, several New World monkey and strepsirrhine species regularly give birth to small litters. We examined whether neonatal testosterone exposure might be detrimental to females in mixed-sex litters by compiling data from long-term breeding records for seven primate species (Saguinus oedipus; Varecia variegata, Varecia rubra, Microcebus murinis, Mirza coquereli, Cheirogaleus medius, Galago moholi). Litter sex ratios did not differ from the expected 1:2:1 (MM:MF:FF for twins) and 1:2:2:1 (MMM:MMF:MFF:FFF for triplets). Measures of reproductive success, including female survivorship, offspring-survivorship, and inter-birth interval, did not differ between females born in mixed-sex versus all-female litters, indicating that litter-producing non-human primates, unlike humans and rodents, show no signs of detrimental effects from androgen exposure in mixed sex litters. Although we found no evidence for CYP19A1 gene duplications-a hypothesized mechanism for coping with androgen exposure-aromatase protein evolution shows patterns of convergence among litter-producing taxa. That some primates have effectively found a way to circumvent a major cost of multiple births has implications for understanding variation in litter size and life history strategies across mammals.

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The Spectral Tarsier

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Ultrasonic Vocalizations by the Spectral Tarsier, Tarsius spectrum

Ultrasonic Vocalizations by the Spectral Tarsier, Tarsius spectrum

Primate Locomotion

Non‐human primates avoid the detrimental effects of prenatal androgen exposure in mixed‐sex litters: combined demographic, behavioral, and genetic analyses

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