The specificity of the action of hyoscine on human learning [proceedings].

Crow, T J; Grove-White, I.G.; Dg, Ross

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1975.tb02789.x

Cited by 19 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…If the drug is administered immediately after learning but before recall it appears to have a minimal effect on either the rate of forgetting or retrieval. Moreover, the drug appears to be exerting a specific action upon memory mechanisms, rather than just having a sedative effect; its action is reversed by physostigmine (an anti-cholinesterase) but not necessarily by amphetamine (a stimulant), and it can produce amnesia at doses which do not affect vigilance (Crow et al 1975;Caine et al 1981), whereas amylobarbitone affects vigilance without producing amnesia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple memory deficits in Alzheimer-type dementia: implications for pharmacotherapy

Kopelman¹

1985

Psychol. Med.

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SynopsisThis paper investigates the memory disorder of Alzheimer-type dementia by comparing the performance of Alzheimer patients on selected memory tests with that of Korsakoff patients and healthy controls. Alzheimer patients have deficits in both primary and secondary memory, and this finding is compared with that which pharmacological studies predict would occur on the basis of cholinergic depletion. The deficits in primary memory are unlikely to be accounted for in terms of cholinergic depletion, and provide a possible explanation for the disappointing results of trials of cholinergic replacement therapy in this disorder. On the other hand, the pattern of deficit in secondary memory is entirely consistent with that expected from cholinergic depletion.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple memory deficits in Alzheimer-type dementia: implications for pharmacotherapy

Kopelman¹

1985

Psychol. Med.

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“…Recent work by Sahakian et al (1987) reports that such patients are also poorer than controls on nonverbal tasks of pattern and shape recognition and visuo-spatial learning, tasks which presumably employ the visuo-sparial system. The traditional tests of short term memory which have been used in drug studies to date are primarily associated with the articulatory loop (e.g., digit span: Drachman and Leavitt 1974; Mohs and Davis 1985; recency effects in list recall: Crow et al 1975;Mewaldt and Ghonheim 1979). In this study, we have examined the effects of scopolamine in healthy young adults on a series of tasks which have been used with Alzheimer patients and which are associated with the different components of working memory.…”

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confidence: 99%

The effects of scopolamine on working memory in healthy young volunteers

Rusted

Warburton

1988

Psychopharmacology

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Twenty healthy young adults completed a series of nonverbal and problem solving tasks in a repeated measures design involving placebo and 0.6 mg scopolamine, administered by subcutaneous injection. Subjects completed the test battery under standard presentation conditions and with concurrent articulation, which precludes verbal recoding of test material. Under standard presentation conditions, scopolamine significantly impaired performance on the problem solving task and on tasks of visuo-spatial and spatial memory; memory for abstract shapes was not impaired. Concurrent articulation impaired performance on the shape recognition and interacted with drug treatment on the problem solving task. The results suggest that scopolamine impairs working memory, and that the decrement is at the level of the central executive mechanisms rather than the subsystems which it controls.

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“…Oral administration of scopolamine, in a dose of lOmg, did not cause either the sedative effects or the disturbances of memory exppcted. In fact the various disorders are described as common by a number of authors for dosages above 0.6mg, whether the compound is administered intravenously (Safer and Allen, 1971;Crow and Grove-White, 1973;Crow et d., 1975;Peterson, 1977;Liljequist and Mattila, 1979;Nuotto, 1983;Frith et ul., 1984;Richardson et al, 1984); intramuscularly Mewaldt, 1975, 1977; Sitaramet d., (S12) (S6, S7, S12) -1978; Caine et ul., 1981; or subcutaneously (Drachman and Leavitt, 1974;Hrbek et a/., 1974;Wesnesetal., 1987Wesnesetal., ,1988Rusted and Warburton, 1988). After oral administration of scopolamine the results are more variable: doses of less than or equal to 0.6mg orally are usually without effect (Wood et al, 1984(Wood et al, , 1985Parrot, 1986;Parrot and Wesnes, 1987;Broks et al, 1988).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At high doses it causes a deterioration in attention and memory during the acquisition of new information in healthy volunteers. Its pharmacodynamic effects occur at times which fairly reliably shadow the plasma concentrations of the compound: peak effect obtained between 1 h and 3 h and disappearance of the effects after 5-6h (Safer and Allen, 1971;Crow and Grove-White, 1973;Drachman and Leavitt, 1974;Dundee and Pandit, 1974;Crow et al, 1975;Mewaldt, 1975,1977;Peterson, 1977;Caine et al, 1981;Warburton, 1983, 1984;Wesnes and Revell, 1984;Wood et al, 1985;Parrot, 1986;Parrot and Wesnes, 1987;Preston et al, 1988;Rusted and Warburton, 1988;Wesnes et d., 1988). Similar changes were observed during senile dementia of Alzheimer type (Kopelman, 1985;Crook et ul., 1986;Morris and Kopelman, 1986;Sahakian, 1987) and a lesion of the cholinergic system could be one of the hypotheses adopted for the genesis of this condition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the potential pharmacodynamic antagonism of RU 41 656 on scopolamine and triazolam impairment in healthy subjects

Patat¹,

Klein²,

Surjus³

et al. 1990

Human Psychopharmacology

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The potential improvement on attention and memory of a single oral does of R U 41 656, and the potential antagonism of the deficits of these functions induced by oral administration of scopolamine 1 mg and triazolam 0.5 mg, have been investigated in a six-period, placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover study involving 12 healthy young volunteers. The effects of the compounds were evaluated by objective test (Buschke selective reminding test, CFF, simple and multiple-choice reaction time, tapping, arithmetical calculation, DSST) and subjective measurements (visual analogue scale, side-effects questionnaire). Measurements were taken before treatment and 2, 4 and 7 h after R U 41 656 intake. Neither placebo alone nor R U 41 656 alone modified the performances of these subjects. Under the experimental conditions of the trial, scopolamine given orally did not cause the disturbances of attention and memory usually described. On the contrary, triazolam caused a pronounced impairment of vigilance and memory. R U 41 656 did not antagonize the sedative effects of triazolam, but partially attenuated its amnesic effects.

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The specificity of the action of hyoscine on human learning [proceedings].

Cited by 19 publications

References 16 publications

Multiple memory deficits in Alzheimer-type dementia: implications for pharmacotherapy

Multiple memory deficits in Alzheimer-type dementia: implications for pharmacotherapy

The effects of scopolamine on working memory in healthy young volunteers

Study of the potential pharmacodynamic antagonism of RU 41 656 on scopolamine and triazolam impairment in healthy subjects

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