The spatio-temporal variations of surface water quality in China during the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan”

Sun, Jingbo; Chen, Yi; Zhang, Zhao; Pin, Wang; Song, Xiao; Wei, Xing; Feng, Biao

doi:10.1007/s10661-015-4278-z

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…There still were a large number of rivers and lakes that did not meet their water quality targets that might cause water problems with respect to watersheds, agriculture, fisheries, industries and eco-development (Jia et al, 2019). Sun et al (2015) found that surface water with a high-level pollution seemed to be diffused across the country from 2006 to 2010, which appeared in the lower reaches of the Han River, the Yangtze River, the whole reaches of the Hai River and the middle and lower reaches of the Pearl River. For a long time, one of the major strategies for water quality improvement was to set a target of 10% reduction for the total pollutant emission by the government while not considering the differences in ecosystem conditions and environmental carrying capacities across different areas and the lack of scientific guidance on how to reduce them.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

China pollutant discharge permits as a link between total emission control and water quality: a pilot study of the pesticide industry

Guo

Shi

et al. 2021

Water Policy

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The deficiency of China's current pollution discharge permit system lies in the failure to improve the water quality effectively. This paper discusses the premise that the water quality of a water environmental functional zone (WEFZ) is mostly affected by industrial pollution sources. By reviewing the related policy, we noted the link between total emission control, effluent limitations and pollutant discharge permits to configure a practical framework for pollutant discharge permits based on water quality. China's pollutant discharge permit system provides an administrative foundation for reducing polluters' total emissions at the scale of the WEFZ, and it is best implemented through the imposition of limitations on polluters to identify the related treatment technology levels. Owing to the importance of limitations, the methodology of limitation classification and the related treatment technology classification are presented for the pesticide industry. Additionally, a comprehensive analysis of the pollutant reduction potential for the pesticide industry is conducted to determine the current level of sewage treatment. More importantly, this study offers an innovative way to investigate pollutant reduction potential and provides an example that may be useful to other key industries.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

China pollutant discharge permits as a link between total emission control and water quality: a pilot study of the pesticide industry

Guo

Shi

et al. 2021

Water Policy

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“…The Songhua River Basin falls in the area with moderate water shortage, whereas the Liao River Basin falls in the area with severe water shortage, meaning that water shortage is prevalent in some parts of China [6][7][8]. In this light, it is especially important to allocate water resources scientifically and improve the utilisation rate of water resources [9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Ecological Water Replenishment Scheme Based on the Interval Fuzzy Two-Stage Stochastic Programming Method: Boluo Lake National Nature Reserve, Jilin Province, China

Yang

2022

IJERPH

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In this paper, a fuzzy mathematical programming method is introduced on the basis of the interval two-stage stochastic programming (ITSP) optimisation model for the wetland ecological water replenishment scheme in Boluo Lake National Nature Reserve. The minimum ecological water supply is taken as the objective function, and the lake bubble water diversion capacity, lake bubble water supply capacity, water diversion sequence, ecological service value, and minimum capacity of the wetland water supply are taken as constraints. The ecological water replenishment schemes of five lakes in the Boluo Lake National Nature Reserve are optimised at the levels of low flow years, normal flow years, and high flow years, and an optimised model for the wetland ecological water replenishment scheme in Boluo Lake National Nature Reserve based on the interval fuzzy two-stage stochastic programming (IFTSP) method is constructed. The model fully considers the waste of water resources and the protection of migratory bird habitat and makes rational allocation of water resources to make full use of flood resources. The IFTSP model proposed herein fully considers the fuzzy and uncertain characteristics of the planning area in the lake bubble area of Boluo Lake National Nature Reserve and improves the decision-making efficiency of decision-makers by providing technical support for smooth implementation of the ecological water replenishment project in nature reserves. The model can also be used as a theoretical guide for ecological recharge projects in other regions of the world.

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“…However, as a result of rapid population growth and socioeconomic development, excessive exploitation of water causes severe shortages of water resources and the destruction of water ecosystems, especially in water-stressed areas [2,3]. At the same time, wastewater discharge leads to the deterioration of the water environment quality, creating further water resource problems [4,5]. In addition, there are many uncertainties in the water environment system, such as the variability in the availability of water resources, variability in the development of technology, variability of demand, and the complexity of the interconnected processes (e.g., water utilization, recycling, wastewater treatment, and discharge) [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Optimization Model for Water Management Based on Water Resources and Environmental Carrying Capacities: A Case Study of the Yinma River Basin, Northeast China

Meng

Wang

2018

Water

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In this study, an inexact two-stage stochastic programming (ITSP) model was developed for supporting water resources allocation for the four main water use sectors (industry, municipal, environmental, and agriculture) and total amount control of the pollutant emissions. The Yinma River Basin in northeast China was selected for a case study. A number of scenarios corresponding to different flow levels were examined. The flow levels reflect different probabilities of water resource availability and environmental carrying capacity. The results revealed that the optimal allocation strategies for each sector depend on water resource carrying capacity, wastewater treatment capacity, the total amount of regional control, and the water environment carrying capacity. Water ecology projects were identified that are needed to treat contaminated water and to address the insufficient carrying capacity for pollutant emissions generated in water-using processes. The results will be helpful for establishing sensible water management systems that integrate the development and utilization of water resources and protect the environment, and for providing a basis for water pollution prevention plans, the model can be used to guide management interventions to improve the water environment by regional pollutant emission control and the improvement of carrying capacity in the Yinma River Basin.Previously, a number of optimization approaches (e.g., interval-parameter programming, fuzzy programming, and stochastic programming) were developed for water resources allocation and water quality management under uncertainty [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Among these approaches, the inexact two-stage stochastic programming (ITSP) model, which integrates the interval-parameter programming (IPP) and two-stage stochastic programming (TSP), could reduce uncertainties to discrete interval-parameters and probability distributions [15]. ITSP has been widely applied for dealing with different forms of multiple uncertainties in water resource allocation and water quality management [15]. For example, Maqsood [16] presented an interval-parameter, fuzzy, two-stage stochastic programming (IFTSP) method for the planning of water resource management systems under uncertainty; Xu [17] developed an inexact, two-stage, stochastic, robust programming model for dealing with water resources allocation problems under uncertainty. Xie [18] developed an inexact, two-stage, water resources management model for multi-regional water resources planning in the Nansihu Lake Basin, China. In ITSP, an initial decision is made before the random events. After the future uncertainties are resolved and the values of the random variables are known, a second decision is made that minimizes penalties caused by any infeasibilities [15].Thus, it can be seen that ITSP is a suitable and effective approach for water resources allocation and water quality management under uncertainty [19][20][21][22]. However, previous studies always focus on water resource allocation and water quality ...

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The spatio-temporal variations of surface water quality in China during the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan”

Cited by 12 publications

References 9 publications

China pollutant discharge permits as a link between total emission control and water quality: a pilot study of the pesticide industry

China pollutant discharge permits as a link between total emission control and water quality: a pilot study of the pesticide industry

Optimization of Ecological Water Replenishment Scheme Based on the Interval Fuzzy Two-Stage Stochastic Programming Method: Boluo Lake National Nature Reserve, Jilin Province, China

An Optimization Model for Water Management Based on Water Resources and Environmental Carrying Capacities: A Case Study of the Yinma River Basin, Northeast China

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