The Spatial Pattern of Ski Areas and Its Driving Factors in China: A Strategy for Healthy Development of the Ski Industry

An, Hongmin; Xiao, Cunde; Ding, Minghu

doi:10.3390/su11113138

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Community hospitals were the most evenly distributed of all medical resources across the city centre and suburban areas. This reflects the boundaries of the smallest administrative unit to which medical resources are allocated in China's medical system [50,51].…”

Section: Spatial Pattern Of Medical Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Study Area Spatial Form on Co-location Quotient Analysis: Evidence From Medical Resources Distribution in Wuhan City

Qiao

Cheng

2021

Preprint

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BackgroundThere is a sharp contradiction between supply and demand of medical resources in provincial capitals of China. Understanding the spatial patterns of medical resources and identifying their spatial association and heterogeneity is a prerequisite to ensuring limited resources are allocated fairly and optimally, which, along with improvements to urban residents’ quality of life, is a key aim of healthy city planning. MethodLocalised co-location quotient (LCLQ) analysis has been used successfully to measure directional spatial associations and heterogeneity between categorical point data. Using point of interest data and the LCLQ method, this paper presents the first analysis of spatial patterns and directional spatial associations between six medical resources across Wuhan city, and evaluates the impact of study area spatial form (considered as a new dimension of spatial scale) on spatial analysis. The unique morphology of Wuhan city, which is bisected by the Yangtze River, is used to assess the impacts on LCLQ analysis and the seeking behaviour of medical resources.ResultsThis paper demonstrated the impacts of the spatial form of a study area on the global and local values of LCLQ of local-level medical resources. When splitting the city into multiple data sets (e.g. regions A and B in this paper), the global and local LCLQ values for pharmacies, clinics and community hospitals changed signficantly in both regions after the spatial partition. The border areas between regions A and B were influenced most.ConclusionThis paper focused on the impacts of the unique spatial form of the study area created by large-scale natural barriers. we should not ignore the impacts of the unique spatial form of the study area created by large-scale natural barriers such as mountains, rivers or lakes. The findings highlight another form of multiscale analysis in urban GIS.

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Section: Spatial Pattern Of Medical Resourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Study Area Spatial Form on Co-location Quotient Analysis: Evidence From Medical Resources Distribution in Wuhan City

Qiao

Cheng

2021

Preprint

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“…Driven by the rapid development of Chinese inbound and outbound tourism, the degree of opening up to the outside world will have a profound impact on the development of the tourism industry [39]. (5) Traffic development level (TL): It refers to the development stage or development degree of a region's transportation at a certain time, taking some measurement indicators as the object and according to the corresponding evaluation indicators. Transportation infrastructure is one of the most important foundations and prerequisites for tourism development.…”

Section: Definition Of Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The strengthening of tourism economic connections has significantly strengthened the mobility of related tourism elements between regions, and the spatial configuration and integration form of tourism elements are constantly evolving [4]. These effects are beneficial to the optimization of the spatial structure of the tourism economy to a certain extent, and further enhance the economic growth of regional tourism [5]-which has a crucial impact on the high-quality and sustainable development of tourism. Therefore, research on the relationship between tourism economic contact and the high-quality development of tourism needs urgent attention against the background of reduced distance, time and flow space.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research of the Effect of Tourism Economic Contact on the Efficiency of the Tourism Industry

Ruan

et al. 2020

Sustainability

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Following regional tourism cooperation, the promotion of balanced sustainable development has begun to play a vital role in the tourism industry. Using the West Coast of the Strait urban agglomeration, China, as an example, this study uses a data envelopment analysis (DEA) to analyzes the nonlinear relationship between tourism economic contact intensity and tourism industry efficiency by constructing a mixed effect model. The results show the following: (1) In the early stage of regional tourism cooperation, the efficiency of the tourism industry will decrease with an increase in the intensity of tourism economic contact. As regional cooperation tends towards a stable stage, the efficiency of the tourism industry will continue to increase with the strengthening of the intensity of tourism economic contact. (2) The regional economic level harms the efficiency of the tourism industry. The urbanization level has a positive effect on the efficiency of the tourism industry. (3) The level of opening up and transportation development in the region will not only bring tourism resources or tourists, but also lead them to flow out. They have no significant impacts on the efficiency of the tourism industry.

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“…Although the restrictions and limits are aimed primarily at industrial production, such measures should be applied for the conditioning and waxing of skis as well. Skiing, although traditionally thought of as a recreational activity, has seen a global boom recently, but mainly in Europe and the United States, which has resulted in the expansion of skiing as a popular public competitive winter sport [9]. This boom brings the need for sustainable ski development through sports events, but also in the context of environmental protection and community involvement [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corporate Social Responsibility of Companies Producing PFOA Containing Waxes for Cross-Country Skiing

Švermová

Černík

2020

Sustainability

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The chemical industry is a particularly sensitive sector that very often works with toxic, harmful and dangerous substances. This paper offers insight into the corporate socially responsible (CSR) behaviour of a specific segment of the chemical industry—the production of fluorinated ski waxes. Perfluorinated compounds, which excel in water and fat stability and repellency, are nowadays considered as harmful to human health and nature. During 2020, the basic compound, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), will be banned, and finding its replacement will be a difficult task. So far, there are no alternatives in terms of environmentally friendly compounds that can maintain the desired properties of extreme ski glide. Based on a questionnaire distributed to twenty wax producers worldwide, we have concluded that, although the attitudes of companies towards CSR certification was rather negative (87.5%), and companies had not developed or documented any CSR policy/strategy with specific goals, they found CSR activities/instruments beneficial and important. The survey highlighted the fact that companies were aware that their products are dangerous for the environment, and that environmental issues are important for all of the responders, despite them being mostly without certified systems. The size of a company had no significant effect on their attitude. Micro and small producers were involved in raising awareness of environmental policies and responsibilities to the same extent (maybe even more) as medium or large companies. We also found varying behaviours between companies involved in environmental programs and those who were not. The companies involved felt a strong attitude towards all three pillars of CSR, which are the environment, as well as social and economic aspects. Those companies not involved had a strong attitude towards their customers, but not towards their employees, suppliers or the wider community. They also had stronger feelings about the quality of their products and economic profit, but without a strong approach to the related environmental issues. The Norwegian approach and the commitment of the company Swix to CSR are two positive examples leading to a fluorine-free future.

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The Spatial Pattern of Ski Areas and Its Driving Factors in China: A Strategy for Healthy Development of the Ski Industry

Cited by 21 publications

References 45 publications

Impacts of Study Area Spatial Form on Co-location Quotient Analysis: Evidence From Medical Resources Distribution in Wuhan City

Impacts of Study Area Spatial Form on Co-location Quotient Analysis: Evidence From Medical Resources Distribution in Wuhan City

Research of the Effect of Tourism Economic Contact on the Efficiency of the Tourism Industry

Corporate Social Responsibility of Companies Producing PFOA Containing Waxes for Cross-Country Skiing

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