The Spatial Heterogeneity of Vegetation, Hydrology and Water Chemistry in a Peatland with Open-Water Pools

Arsenault, Julien; Talbot, Julie; Moore, Tim R.; Beauvais, Marie-Pierre; Franssen, Jan; Roulet, Nigel T.

doi:10.1007/s10021-019-00342-4

Cited by 18 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Several studies have shown that photochemical oxidation leads to the loss of aromatic DOC (e.g., Spencer et al, 2009), and thus the reduction in SUVA as well as the production of CO 2 . Arsenault et al (2019) also observed that DOC concentration and SUVA were lower in natural pool water than in soil solution from the surrounding peat, and attributed this to photodegredation occurring in the pools. Streamwater DOC concentrations downslope of the natural pool site were reported by Gaffney et al (2020) (as an undamaged ‘bog control’ in their study) for the same time period as our study and showed similar values and temporal patterns to those we found in the natural pool water in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…shown that photochemical oxidation leads to the loss of aromatic DOC (e.g., Spencer et al, 2009), and thus the reduction in SUVA as well as the production of CO 2 . Arsenault et al (2019) This finding suggests that, where natural pools are present within a catchment, they may play an important role in controlling downstream aquatic carbon chemistry.…”

Section: Impacts Of a Dry Summermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon concentrations in natural and restoration pools in blanket peatlands

Chapman

Moody

Turner

et al. 2022

Hydrological Processes

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Open‐water perennial pools are common natural features of peatlands globally, and peatland restoration often results in new pool creation, yet the concentrations of different forms of aquatic carbon (C) in natural and artificial restoration pools are not well studied. We compared carbon concentrations in both natural pools and restoration pools (4–15 years old) on three blanket peatlands in northern Scotland. At all sites, restoration pools were more acidic and had mean dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations in restoration pools of 23, 22, and 31 mg L−1 compared with natural pool means of 11, 11 and 15 mg L−1 respectively across the three sites. Restoration pools had a greater fulvic acid prevalence than the natural pools and their DOC was more aromatic. Restoration pools were supersaturated with dissolved CO2 at around 10 times atmospheric levels, whereas for natural pools, CO2 concentrations were just above atmospheric levels. Dissolved CH4 concentrations were not different between pool types, but were ~200 times higher than atmospheric levels. Regular sampling at one of the peatland sites over 2.5 years showed that particulate organic carbon (POC) concentrations were generally below 7 mg L−1 except during the warm, dry summer of 2013. At this regularly‐sampled site, natural pools were found to process DOC so that mean pool outflow concentrations in overland flow were significantly lower than mean inflow DOC concentrations. Such an effect was not found for the restoration pools. Soil solution and pool water chemistry, and relationships between DOC and CO2 concentrations suggest that different processes are controlling the transformation of C, and therefore the form and amount of C, in natural pools compared to restoration pools.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Impacts Of a Dry Summermentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon concentrations in natural and restoration pools in blanket peatlands

Chapman

Moody

Turner

et al. 2022

Hydrological Processes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Likewise, over just a few metres, surface water conditions can vary from permanently wet to permanently dry (Arsenault et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…on the north and south facing sides of an anthill, or within shaded areas and underneath canopy gaps in a forest), are as variable as temperature differences over the extent of the UK measured using standard weather stations (Bramer et al., 2018). Likewise, over just a few metres, surface water conditions can vary from permanently wet to permanently dry (Arsenault et al., 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The problem of scale in predicting biological responses to climate

Bütikofer

Anderson

Bebber

et al. 2020

Global Change Biology

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Climate is among the most fundamental driving forces controlling the environment in which organisms reside (Clarke, 2017). It sets boundaries on the biological processes fundamental to their survival and reproduction, and governs the rates of processes within these boundaries. Though many ecological studies account for climate variables when explaining biological phenomena, they usually rely on data derived or modelled from weather stations, the spatial resolution of which is typically orders of magnitude larger than the organisms under study (Potter et al., 2013). Conventionally, terrestrial meteorological data are collected from networks of weather stations, with variables such as temperature and humidity recorded at c. 1.5-2 m from the ground surface in locations carefully selected

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“…The hummock-hollow complex dominates the microtopography of many peatlands and plays a major role in several ecological, hydrologic, and biogeochemical processes including C dynamics. Specifically, these include: an influence on greenhouse gas emissions Hirano et al, 2009;Moore et al, 2011), rates of decomposition , peat accumulation (Chaudhary et al, 2018), plant community Chaudhary et al, 2018;Harris and Baird, 2018;Arsenault et al, 2019;Malhotra et al, 2016), plant productivity , water chemistry (Arsenault et al, 2019), and nutrient availability . The primary biophysical driver of these differences is changes in peat water and oxygen content, which are associated with water table depth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Terrestrial Laser Scanning to Characterize Peatland Microtopography and Assess Tree Growth Responses to Elevated Temperature and CO₂

Graham¹

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Northern peatlands are a major terrestrial carbon (C) store, with an annual sink of 0.1 Pg C yr-1 and a total storage estimate of 547 Pg C. Northern peatlands are also major contributors of atmospheric methane, a potent greenhouse gas. The microtopography of peatlands helps modulate peatland carbon fluxes; however, there is a lack of quantitative characterizations of microtopography in the literature. The lack of formalized schemes to characterize microtopography makes comparisons between studies difficult. Further, many land surface models do not accurately simulate peatland C emissions, in part because they do not adequately represent peatland microtopography and hydrology. The C balance of peatlands is determined by differences in C influxes and effluxes, with the largest being net primary production and heterotrophic respiration, respectively. Tree net primary production at a treed bog in northern Minnesota represented about 13% of C inputs to the peatland, and marks tree aboveground net primary production (ANPP) as an important pathway for C to enter peatlands. Tree species Picea mariana (Black spruce) and Larix Laricina (Tamarack) are typically found in wooded peatlands in North America, and are widely distributed in the North American boreal zone. Therefore, understanding how these species will respond to environmental change is needed to make predictions of peatland C budgets in the future. As the climate warms, peatlands are expected to increase C release to the atmosphere, resulting in a positive feedback loop. Further, climate warming is expected to occur faster in northern latitudes compared to the rest of the globe. The Spruce and Peatland Responses Under Changing Environments (SPRUCE; https://mnspruce.ornl.gov/) manipulates temperature and CO2 concentrations to evaluate the in-situ response of a peatland to environmental change and is located in Minnesota, USA. In this dissertation, I documented surface roughness metrics for peatland microtopography in SPRUCE plots and developed three explicit methods for classifying frequently used microtopographic classes (microforms) for different scientific applications. Subsequently I used one of these characterizations to perform a sensitivity analysis and improve the parameterization of microtopography in a land surface model that was calibrated at the SPRUCE site. The modeled outputs of C from the analyses ranged from 0.8-34.8% when microtopographical parameters were allowed to vary within observed ranges. Further, C related outputs when using our data-driven parameterization differed from outputs when using the default parameterization by -7.9 - 12.2%. Finally, I utilized TLS point clouds to assess the effect elevated temperature and CO2 concentrations had on P. mariana and L. laricina after the first four years of SPRUCE treatments. I observed that P. mariana growth (aboveground net primary production) had a negative response to temperature initially, but the relationship became less pronounced through time. Conversely, L. laricina had no growth response to temperature initially, but developed a positive relationship through time. The divergent growth responses of P. mariana and L. laricina resulted in no detectable change in aboveground net primary production at the community level. Results from this dissertation help improve how peatland microtopography is represented, and improves understanding of how peatland tree growth will respond to environmental change in the future.

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The Spatial Heterogeneity of Vegetation, Hydrology and Water Chemistry in a Peatland with Open-Water Pools

Cited by 18 publications

References 46 publications

Carbon concentrations in natural and restoration pools in blanket peatlands

Carbon concentrations in natural and restoration pools in blanket peatlands

The problem of scale in predicting biological responses to climate

Using Terrestrial Laser Scanning to Characterize Peatland Microtopography and Assess Tree Growth Responses to Elevated Temperature and CO₂

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The Spatial Heterogeneity of Vegetation, Hydrology and Water Chemistry in a Peatland with Open-Water Pools

Cited by 18 publications

References 46 publications

Carbon concentrations in natural and restoration pools in blanket peatlands

Carbon concentrations in natural and restoration pools in blanket peatlands

The problem of scale in predicting biological responses to climate

Using Terrestrial Laser Scanning to Characterize Peatland Microtopography and Assess Tree Growth Responses to Elevated Temperature and CO2

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Using Terrestrial Laser Scanning to Characterize Peatland Microtopography and Assess Tree Growth Responses to Elevated Temperature and CO₂